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Medical Assisting > Emergency Preparedness > Flashcards

Emergency Preparedness Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What emergencies require first aid or life-saving measures?

A
  • choking
  • allergic reactions
  • trauma
  • cardiac failure
  • respiratory failure
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2
Q

What are eternal and environmental emergencies?

A
  • weather related
  • tornadoes
  • hurricanes
  • fires
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3
Q

What are human related emergencies?

A

threats

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4
Q

What is a medical emergency?

A

any situation in which a person suddenly becomes ill or sustains an injury that requires immediate help by a healthcare professional

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5
Q

What is first aid?

A

immediate care given to someone who is injured or suddenly becomes ill
- before complete medical care can be obtained

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6
Q

What is the MAs role during emergencies?

A
  • recognize life-threatening condition
  • obtain chief complaint
  • collect vital signs
  • assist provider
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7
Q

What is in a crash cart?

A
  • basic drugs
  • wound care supplies
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8
Q

What are first-aid equipment?

A
  • AED
  • CPR supplies
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9
Q

What does CAB mean?

A

circulation, airway, breathing

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10
Q

What are accidental injuries?

A
  • bites/stings
  • burns
  • choking
  • eye/ear injuries
  • falls, fractures, dislocations
  • sprains, strains
  • head injuries
  • wounds
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11
Q

What is an abrasion?

A
  • scrape or rub
  • superficial wound usually knee or elbow
  • apply pressure if bleeding
  • clean and flush debris
  • apply bandage
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12
Q

What is an incision?

A
  • smooth/clean cut
  • open injury caused by sharp object/straight cut
  • profuse bleeding may occur
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13
Q

What do you do when an incision starts bleeding?

A
  • apply pressure until bleeding stops
  • clean gently
  • apply bandage
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14
Q

What is a laceration?

A
  • jagged open injury
  • profuse bleeding may occur
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15
Q

What is a puncture?

A
  • open wound caused by an object that delivers a stab
  • usually small with limited bleeding
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16
Q

What is a sterile dressing?

A

used next to the wound

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17
Q

What is non-sterile dressing?

A

bandage (used to cover dressings)

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18
Q

What is contusion?

A
  • closed injury (bruise)
  • caused by blunt-force trauma
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19
Q

How can you heal contusions?

A
  • apply cold pack/ice
  • elevate limbs
  • check for swelling
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20
Q

What is a concussion?

A
  • closed injury
  • head trauma
  • brain was jolted or shaken
21
Q

What are procedures for concussion?

A
  • measure vital signs
  • observe patient
  • requires provider assessment and possible radiology testing
22
Q

What is the best way to remove a dressing that is stuck to a wound?

A

soak dressing in sterile saline prior to removal

23
Q

What is a strain?

A

overstretching of a muscle or tendon

24
Q

How do you heal a strain and sprain?

A

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

25
Q

What is a sprain?

A

tearing of a tendon, ligament, or cartilage of a joint

26
Q

What is a fracture?

A

break in bone

27
Q

What is complete fracture?

A

break through entire bone

28
Q

What is incomplete fracture?

A

break through pat of the bone

29
Q

What is comminuted fracture?

A

bone has broken into several fragments

30
Q

What is greenstick fracture?

A

bone is bent and only one side is fractured

31
Q

What is closed fracture?

A

no break in skin

32
Q

What is open fracture?

A

break in skin

33
Q

Which fracture is only in children?

A

greenstick fracture

34
Q

What is anaphylaxis?

A

severe allergic reaction
- can result in shock
- extreme emergency

35
Q

What is the procedure for anaphylaxis?

A
  • provide BLS
  • administer oxygen
  • administer epinephrine
  • call 911
36
Q

What is acute abdominal pain?

A
  • general symptom
  • can be life-threatening
37
Q

What are the procedures for acute abdominal pain?

A
  • obtain detailed CC
  • nothing by mouth
  • may need emesis basin
  • keep patient warm
  • don’t apply heat to abdomen
  • monitor vital signs and observe for shock
38
Q

What type of emergency is bleeding?

A
  • internal/external
  • arterial bleeding medical crisis
39
Q

What is the procedure for bleeding?

A
  • apply pressure
  • elevate site
  • apply ice
  • limit movement
  • monitor vital signs, observe for shock
40
Q

What is the procedure for eye/ear injuries?

A
  • limit contact if possible
  • cover eye/ear
  • administer irrigations based on provider direction
41
Q

What is the procedure for burns?

A
  • remove patient from source
  • flush with cold water
  • do not remove clothing unless chemical burn
  • monitor vital signs and observe for shock
  • rule of nines!
42
Q

What is a first degree burn?

A

first layer of tissue
- sunburn

43
Q

What is second degree burn?

A

subcutaneous tissue
- will blister

44
Q

What is third degree burn?

A
  • involves muscle, possibly bone
  • appears dry and charred
45
Q

What is a seizure?

A

generalized (grand mal) to short (petit mal)
- can result from trauma

46
Q

What is the procedure for seizures?

A
  • assist patient to lying position
  • protect from injury
  • tilt head to side
  • stay with patient and observe
  • call 911 if it continues
47
Q

What is a stoke?

A

results from hypoxia
- from blood clot or rupture of blood vessel
- patient experiences weakness, paralysis
- difficulty speaking

48
Q

What is the procedure for stroke?

A
  • protect patient (nothing by mouth)
  • obtain vital signs
  • administer oxygen
  • call 911
49
Q

What is the CPR rate?

A

100-120 chest compressions per minute
- 30 compressions and 2 breaths

Medical Assisting (38 decks)

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