IASM 65: Parasites

Question 1

IN PARASITE CONTEXT
What is meant by ‘infection’
Invasion by _____…

Answer 1

Invasion by endoparasites (Parasites that live inside the body)

Question 2

What is meant by ‘infestation’

External parasitism by ________…

Answer 2

External parasitism by ectoparasites, parasites that live on the surface of the body

Question 3

There are 2 types of host of parasites

1. _________ host: Harbours the adult/ sexual stage of the parasite
2. _________ host: Harbours the intermediate/ larval stage of the parasite

Answer 3

There are 2 types of host of parasites

1. Definitive host: Harbours the adult/ sexual stage of the parasite
2. Intermediate host: Harbours the intermediate/ larval stage of the parasite

Question 4

There are 2 types of host of parasites

1. Definitive host: Harbours the _______ stage of the parasite
2. Intermediate host: Harbours the _______ stage of the parasite

Answer 4

There are 2 types of host of parasites

1. Definitive host: Harbours the adult/ sexual stage of the parasite
2. Intermediate host: Harbours the intermediate/ larval stage of the parasite

Question 5

Single cell parasites are called ___________

Multicellular parasites are called __________

Answer 5

Single cell parasites are called protozoa

Multicellular parasites are called Helminth

Question 6

Under multicellular parasites- Helminth, we can further divide it into three types:
1.
2.
3.

Answer 6

Under multicellular parasites- Helminth, we can further divide it into three types:

1. Nematodes
2. Trematodes
3. Cestodes

Question 7

3 Types of Multicellular Parasites
What are they? What are their appearances?
- Nematodes: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_)
- Trematodes: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_)
- Cestodes: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_)

Answer 7

3 Types of Multicellular Parasites
What are they? What are their appearances?
- Nematodes: Roundworms (elongated and cylindrical)
- Trematodes: Flukes (flat, leaf-like appearance)
- Cestodes: Tapeworms (long, segmented worms)

Question 8

What does Trematodes and Cestodes have in common (feature)

Answer 8

They are hermaphrodites

They have both male and female sex organs inside their bodies

Question 9

Arthropods can be ectoparasites

• _______: 3 pairs of legs (e.g. _______)
• _______: 4 pairs of legs (e.g. _______)

Answer 9

Arthropods can be ectoparasites

• Insects: 3 pairs of legs (e.g. mosquito)
• Arachnids: 4 pairs of legs (e.g. spider)

Question 10

Malaria is a disease caused by which type of parasites?
Name 2
Indicate which type of parasite is more dangerous
Name the natural vector for Malaria
Name some routes of transmissions

Answer 10

Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium falciparum (More dangerous)
Vector: Female Anopheles Mosquitoes
Routes: Blood transfusion, Transplantation, Contaminated needles

Question 11

What is resulted when there is severe malaria

Answer 11

End organ damage

Question 12

Try to name 3 ways to detect malaria

Answer 12

Examination of Blood Films (Giemsa Stain)
Antigen detection in blood
PCR amplification

Question 13

Process of Malaria Infection
Sporozoites go to _________ and multiply there
Then it goes to the blood stream and cause infection to the ________

Answer 13

Process of Malaria Infection
Sporozoites go to liver cells and multiply there
Then it goes to the blood stream and cause infection to the RBCs

Question 14

What is the difference between relapse and recrudescence
Relapse: Recurrence of symptoms after _________ of parasites
Recrudescence: Recurrence of symptoms that initial parasites are ______________ but they are not ____________

Answer 14

What is the difference between relapse and recrudescence
Relapse: Recurrence of symptoms after complete initial clearing of parasites
Recrudescence: Recurrence of symptoms that initial parasites are reduced to a very low level but they are not completely cleared

Question 15

Is Plasmodium Protozoa or Helminth

Answer 15

Protozoa

Question 16

Trematodes require ______ as intermediate hosts

Answer 16

Freshwater snails