IASM 24: Cell Membrane Flashcards
What is the innermembrane called in mitochondria
Cristae
There are circular DNA in the mitochondria. Where are most of the proteins for oxidative phosphorylation synthesized?
Nucleus
What is the curved membrane of Rough ER called?
Cisternae
What is the function of Smooth ER in Testis
Steroid hormone production
What is the function of Smooth ER in hepatocytes
Detoxification
What is the function of Smooth ER in striated muscle cells
Storage of Calcium ions
In Golgi Apparatus: Entry face is called _____ face; exit face is called _____ face
Entry: Cis face
Exit: Trans face
What is the significance of Golgi to the proteins?
Proteins get more mature in Golgi Apparatus
The layers in Golgi are interconnected
True or False
False
The contents from Golgi is transferred to the cell membrane through ________ with the aid of _______
Secretory Vesicle; Cytoskeleton
Where is lysosome being formed
In the Golgi Apparatus
Nucleus is _____ in H&E Staining
Eosinophilic or Basophilic
Basophilic
Which 5 chromosomes encodes rRNAs
13 14 15 21 22
Where is the site of rRNA synthesis
Nucleolus
For dark regions of the DNA, which type of chromatin is it? Is it used for gene transcription? Is it packed or lose?
For pale regions of the DNA, which type of chromatin is it? Is it used for gene transcription? Is it packed or lose?
(DH)
Dark; Heterochromatin; Compacted DNA; No gene transcription
Light; Eurochromatin; Loosely packed DNA; Yes gene transcription
What are the 3 types of cytoskeleton and their respective lengths?
Microfilament (<10nm)
Intermediate Filament (~10nm)
Microtubules (>10nm)
Name 1 type of microfilament in cells
Actin
Which substance is responsible for cell crawling and cell protrusion
Actin
Which substance is responsible for formation of microvilli
Actin
Which substance is responsible during cytokinesis and dividing the cell into 2 daughter cells?
Actin
Name 5 Intermediate Filaments
Keratin Vimentin Desmin Neurofilament Glial filament
Where can you find keratin
Epithelial cells
Where can you find vimentin
fibroblasts
Where can you find desmin
Smooth muscle cells
Where can you find neurofilaments
neurones
Where can you find glial filments
glial cells
During the transformation from epithelial cells to mesenchymal cells
There is down regulation of _____ and up regulation of _______
Down: Keratin
Up: Vimentin
Are there microtubules in RBCs
No
For microtubules, the centrosome is formed by ___ centrioles.
Each centrioles formed by ______ (number + something) of microtubules, total _____ microtubules.
For microtubules, the centrosome is formed by 2 centrioles.
Each centrioles formed by 9 triplet of microtubules, total 27 microtubules.
Microtubule instability: Constant polymerization and depolymerization of microtubules. The Positive end ________ and the negative end _______.
Microtubule instability: Constant polymerization and depolymerization of microtubules. The Positive end elongates and the negative end shortens.
Two molecules responsible for the transport of organelles and macromolecules by microtubules. Name them
Kinesin
Dynein
Direction of transport of materials of
Kinesin
Dynein
Kinesin: From negative to positive end
Dynein: From positive to negative end
Ciliary and flagella movements require ______.
It is formed by ________ (Number + something) of microtubules.
When ______ moves, it facilitates the beating action of cilia.
Ciliary and flagella movements require Axoneme. It is formed by 9 duplets of microtubules. When dyenin moves, it facilitates the beating action of cilia.
What are located at the base of cilia and flagella for the formation of microtubules?
Basal Bodies
____ and _____ tubulins polymerize to form microtubules
_____ tubulins in centrosomes organize the formation of spindle fibres
Alpha and Beta tubulins polymerize to form microtubules
Gamma tubulins in centrosomes organize the formation of spindle fibres
Which component is necessary in breaking down long chain fatty acids by beta oxidation?
Peroxisomes
In prophase, what happens
Condensed chromosomes
In prometaphse, what happens
Breakdown of the nuclear membrane
