History Flashcards
Behavior
Natural process subject to natural law
Mind
Sensations, memories, motives, emotions, thoughts,and other subjective phenomena particular to an individual
Dualism
Two parts, body and spirit
Psychology
Study of behavior
Brain
Command center of the central nervous system
Rene Descartes
Mind and body are separable
John Locke
Created in empiricism,
We have must be learned nothing is innate
Empiricism
Acquisition of truth through observations and experiences
Thomas Hobbes
Created materialism which greatly influenced behaviorism
Materialism
Believes that only things that exist or matter and energy
Charles Darwin
Proposed natural selection which turned into the evolutionary theory
Wilhelm Wundt
Founder of the science of psychology, Open first laboratory and conducted first experiment
Edward Titchener
One of the first to bring psychology to the US, created structuralism and introspection
Structuralism
Looking for patterns in thought
Introspection
Reflection upon oneself
William James
Opposed to structuralist approach, created functionalism
Functionalism
How the mind fulfills its purpose
The eight approaches
Biological, behavioral genetics, behavioral, cognitive, humanistic, psychoanalytic, sociocultural, evolutionary
The biological approach
The interaction between me and physiology
Behavioral genetics approach
Emphasized that behaviors are attribute to particular, genetically based physiological characteristics
Behavioral approach
Study of observable behavior, involves classical conditioning behavior modification and influenced by John Watson BF Skinner and Ivan Pavlov
Ivan Pavlov
The salivating dog, created classical conditioning
John Watson
Applied classical conditioning to humans in that little Albert experiment, problem with the experiment is he did not counter condition Albert
BF Skinner
A behaviorist who developed the Skinner box, such a cleanse to associate behavior with environmental welcome
Behavior modification
Set of techniques that physiological problems which are considered to be the product of weird habits
Cognitive approach
To Understand people’s behavior, we need to understand how they think
Humanistic approach
Studies the rules of consciousness, free will, aims for a holistic view emphasizing personal values and goals involves Abraham Maslow self-actualization call Rogers and unconditional positive regard
Abraham Maslow
Created self actualization
Self actualization
Excepting yourself and your nature
Carl Rogers
Created unconditional positive regard
Unconditional positive regard
The need for a positive self-concept
Psychoanalytic approach
Involves Sigmund Freud, deals with anything of the conscious and unconscious mind believes in repressed memories
Conscious mind
Mental state of awareness that we have ready access to
Unconscious mind
Mental processes that we do not normally have exes to but are yet influenced by in some way
Repressed
Buried in the unconscious
Sociocultural approach
Believes that the environment a person lives in influences how they behave
Evolutionary approach
Theories of Darwin, explains how adaptive our behaviors is to survival
