Chapter 12 Flashcards
Instinct
The complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species in is unlearned
Motivation
A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior
Drive-reduction theory
a psychological need creating an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
Homeostasis
A tendency to maintain in balance or constant internal state the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry
Incentives
A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
Optimal arousal theory
Not all behaviors reduce immediate physiological needs or tension states, helps explain the motivation for these behaviors
Abraham Maslow
Created the hierarchy of needs
Hierarchy of needs
Maslow’s pier mid of human needs beginning with psychological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active
Glucose
The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues
Set point
The point at which an individual’s “wait thermostat” is supposedly set, when the body falls below this way, an increase in hunger and low metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight
Base metabolic rate
The bodies resting rate of energy expenditure
Anorexic nervosa
And eating disorder in which a normal wait-person diets and become significantly underweight yet still feeling fat continues to starve
Bulimia nervosa
An eating disorder characterized by episodes of over eating, usually of high calorie foods, followed by them, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise
Alfred Kinsey
Conducted research on sex, personal interviews
Sexual response cycle
The four stages of sexual responding, excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
Refractory Period
The resting period after an orgasm, which during a man cannot achieve another orgasm
Sexual disorder
A problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning
Estrogen
A sex hormone secreted in greater amounts by females and males
Testosterone
The most important of the male sex hormones both males and females habit but the additional testosterone the mails stimulates the growth of male sex organs in the fetus and the development of male sex characteristics during puberty
Sexual orientation
Sexual attraction towards members of either one’s own sex or the other sex
Flow
A completely involved focus state of consciousness, with diminished awareness of self and time, results in optimal engagement of one skills
Industrial-organizational psychology
Application of psychological concepts and methods to optimize human behavior and workplaces
Personal psychology
A subfield of industrial organizational psychology and that focuses on employee recruitment, selection, placement, training, appraisal, and development
Organizational psychology
subfield of i/o psychology that examines organizational influences on the worker satisfaction and productivity
Structured interview
Interview process that as the same job-relevant questions of all applicants
Achievement motivation
It desire for significant accomplishment, for mastery of things, people, or ideas, a high standard
Task leadership
Goal oriented leadership that set standards, organizes work, and focuses attention on goals
Social leadership
Group oriented leadership that builds teamwork mediates conflict and offers support
Hierarchy of needs
Pyramid of human needs, beginning with physiological needs up to safety and self-wants
- self-actualization needs
- esteem needs
- belongingness and love needs
- safety needs
- physiological needs
Ostracized
Excluded or shunned by others-people suffer from stress and depression
