Chapter 16

Question 0

4 D’s

Answer 0

1) Deviant- different, extreme, usual from the “norm”
2) Distressful- unpleasant or upsetting to the person
3) Dysfunctional- disruptive to the person’s ability to conduct daily activities
4) Dangerous- threatening to the person’s well-being or to the safety of others

Question 1

Diathesis Stress Model

Answer 1

A psychological theory that explains behavior as a result of biological and genetic factors, used to decided the the type of mental disorder, hereditary

Question 2

Psychological Disorder

Answer 2

Deviant, distressful, dangerous, and dysfunctional behavior patterns - the 4 D’s

Question 3

Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Answer 3

A psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of the three key symptoms; extreme in attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity

Question 4

Medical Model

Answer 4

Concept that diseases have physical causes which are diagnosable, treatable, and mostly curable.
In psychologically, assumes that mental illnesses can be diagnosed on bias of symptoms and cured through therapy

Question 5

DSM-V

Answer 5

Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, used to provide more precise and consistent diagnosis for conditions

Question 6

Axis 1 in DSM Manual

Answer 6

If there is a clinical syndrome present, associated with symptoms

Question 7

Axis 2 in DSM Manual

Answer 7

A personality disorder or mental retardation (cognitive delay)

Question 8

Axis 3 In DSM Manual

Answer 8

Medical condition involved along with psychological disorder, such as diabetes or hypertension

Question 9

Axis 4 is DSM Manual

Answer 9

Environmental problems affecting a person

Question 10

Axis 5 in DSM Manual

Answer 10

Breaks down how highly or lowly functions a person with psychological disorder is

Question 11

Labeling Effects

Answer 11

Fear of other people knowing their condition because they do not want the way they are treated to be changed because of their diagnosis

Question 12

Anxiety Disorders

Answer 12

Psychological disorders characterized by distressing persistent anxiety or unusual/bizarre behaviors to reduce anxiety

Question 13

General Anxiety Disorders (GAD)

Answer 13

A person is continually tense, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal, formed and occurs in childhood, related to everyday life situations

Question 14

Panic Disorder

Answer 14

Experiences a rush of panic, resulting in sudden feeling of terror and fear, extreme physical responses, feels like a heart attack

Question 15

Phobic Disorder

Answer 15

Anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object of stimulation

Question 16

Agoraphobia

Answer 16

Phobic disorder- have a fear or avoidance of situations in which escapee might be difficult or help is unavailable when panic strikes

Question 17

Specific Phobia

Answer 17

Phobic Disorder- a fear of a specific object

Question 18

Social Phobia

Answer 18

Phobic Disorder- intense fear of being scrutinized by others, may avoid speaking, eating out, going to parties, sweat, tremble, or experience diarrhea when doing so

Question 19

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Answer 19

Person constantly has troubling thoughts, so they create specific habits to combat these thoughts, habits become troubling to person

Question 20

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Answer 20

Occurs after someone has had a threat of physical harm or experienced such harm, may startle easily, has flashbacks, and triggers to bad experiences

Question 21

Dissociative Disorders

Answer 21

Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings

Question 22

Dissociative Identity Disorder (Multiple Personality Disorder)

Answer 22

A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities, a.k.a. Multiple personality disorder

Question 23

Mood disorders

Answer 23

Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes. See major depressive disorder, mania, and bipolar disorder

Question 24

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer 24

A mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities

Question 25

Dysthymic Disorder

Answer 25

Down in the dumps mood fills most of the day for nearly 2 years, Suffer from chronic low energy and self-esteem, can still be social and live full lives but are sad

Question 26

Mania

Answer 26

A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state

Question 27

Bipolar disorder

Answer 27

A mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania. (Previously called manic-depression disorder)

Question 28

Schizophrenia

Answer 28

A group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions More dopamine in the system- causes hallucinations

Question 29

Delusions

Answer 29

False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders

Question 30

Hallucinations

Answer 30

Believing that stimulus is affecting a person when none exists, most common comes in the form of hearing

Question 31

Paranoid

Answer 31

Form of hallucination- preoccupation with delusions or hallucinations, often with themes of persecution or grandiosity Believing everyone wants your belongings

Question 32

Disorganized

Answer 32

Form of hallucination- disorganized speech or behavior, or flat or inappropriate emotion

Question 33

Catatonic

Answer 33

Form of hallucination- when people go into a rigid "statue" form and stays in that position for an extended time

Question 34

Personality disorders

Answer 34

Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

Question 35

Antisocial Personality Disorders

Answer 35

A personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, don't understand guilt, empathy, remorse etc. even toward friends and family members. May be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist

Question 36

The learning (behavioral) perspective

Answer 36

Fear conditioning leads to anxiety, anxiety then becomes a generalized stimulus

Question 37

Observational learning

Answer 37

Fear or anxiety learned from observing others acting fearful of a certain stimulus

Question 38

Biological perspective

Answer 38

Natural selection led ancestors to fear snakes and other dangerous things Generalized anxiety, panic attacks and others result in the way circuits are linked within the brain

Question 39

Dissociative Amnesia

Answer 39

The inability to recall important personal events and information Similar to repression

Question 40

Dissociative Fuge

Answer 40

Forgets the past but travels to a new location and may assume a new identity Forget their personal identity, and creates a new one