Chapter 15- Second Half Flashcards
Humanistic perspective
Focuses on the ways of healthy growth potential
Terror management theory
Proposes that faith in one’s worldview and the pursuit of self-esteem provide protection against deeply rooted fear of death
Abraham Maslow
Develop self actualization
Self actualization
The ultimate psychological need that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the desire to fulfill one’s potential
Carl Rogers
Believed that a growth promoting climate requires 3 conditions,
Acceptance
Genuineness
Empathy
Unconditional positive regard
Attitude of total acceptance towards another person
Self-concept
All our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question “who am I? “
Trait
Characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and he reports
Gordon Allport
Defines personality in terms of identifiable behavior patterns
Factor analysis
Statistical procedure used to identify clusters of traits that go together
Personality inventories
A questionnaire on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors used to determine selected personality traits
MMPI
The most widely researched and clinically used personality test, designed to identify abnormal behavior
Empirically derived test
A test developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups
The big five
Openness Conscientiousness- organizational Extraversion- introverted vs extroverted Agreeableness Neuroticism-emotional stability
Social cognitive perspective
View behavior as influenced by the interaction between persons and their social context
Reciprocal determinism
The interacting influences between personality and environmental factors
Personal control
Our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless
External locus of control
The perception that chance or outside forces beyond one’s personal control determine one’s fate
Internal locus of control
Perception that one controls ones own fate
Learned helplessness
The hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events
Positive psychology
Scientific study of optimal human functioning
Aims to discover and promote strengths and urges that enable individual and communities to thrive
Spotlight effect
Overestimating others noticing evaluating our appearance, performance, and blunders
Self-esteem
One’s feelings of high or low self-worth
Self-serving bias
A readiness to perceive oneself favorably
Myers Briggs test
Personality test focuses on how a person takes information and makes decisions, and focuses on a person’s day to day lifestyle
Martin Seligman
Developed positive psychology
