Heart and Circulation Flashcards
Arterial system
The conductance vessels that carry the blood around the body
Microcirculation
Where transfer of nutrients, waste and water occurs
Venous system
The capacity vessels, that store and return blood to the heart
Where is the heart located?
centrally in the chest between the lungs and pleura in the middle mediastinum
What does the lubricated pericardial sac mean for the heart
It allows the expanision and contraction
How do the chamber beat when pumping blood around the heart
syncytium
he edge of the heart closest to the ribs is called what
the sternostal surface
The edge of the heart closed to the diaphram is called
the diaphragmatic surface
The edge of the heart which is most prosterior is called the
base
Name the flow of blood through the body and through the heart
Vena Cava = right atrium = right ventricle = pulmonary trunk = pulmonary artieries = lung capillaies = pulmonary vein = left atrium = left ventricle = aorta = artieries = artioles = capillaries = venules = veins
All blood vessels are lined by what type of cell
endothelial
What are the two main valves in the heart called
tri cuspid and bi cuspid valves
what is systematic circulation
When de-oxydenated blood comes via veins from the rest of the body
What is pulomonary circulation
the journey from the right ventricle to the lungs
bi-cuspid valve is also known as
mitral
Summerise the right atrium
De-oxygenated blood enters from the superior and inferior vena cavae (SVC and IVC) as well as the coronary sinus
The blood leaves via the tricuspid valve
The sino-atrial and atrioventricular nodes are part of the cardiac conduction system (later)
What is pulomonary circulation
the journey from the right ventricle to the lungs
Internal features of the heart include
muscular ridges
papillary muscle
papillary muscles
send tendinous cords to the edges of the valve cusps, these muscles and cords prevent cusp eversion into the atrium during ventricular contraction
What happens near each ventricles out flow
becomes smooth to create laminar blood flow
where do the left and right coronary sinus arise from
the aortic sinuses just above the valve cusps
Summery of the pulmonary and aortic valves
These valves have semilunar cusps, during systole (contraction of ventricles_ the blood passes through the valve, forcing the cusps against the vessel wall. During diastole (relaxation of the ventriles) the elastic recoil in the pulmoary trunk and orta forces blood between the cusps and the vessel wall therefore forcing them to meet in the centre of each vessel.
Tell me about the electrical conducting pathways of the heart
TWO nodes - SA and AV
SA can be sped up/slowed down by ANS
What is the bundle of His
collection of heart muscle cells specialised for electrical conduction that transmits electrical impulses from the AV node
(located next to it)
Describe the pathway of conduction
wave of conduction passes from SA through atria to AV
Then from Bundle of His to left and right bundle branches that spread conduction through each ventricle
