Body Fluid Compartments

Question 1

Explain the divisions of the fluid compartments of the body

Answer 1

Extracellular = Plasma (3.0L) and interstitial fluid (11.0L) 
Intracellular = 28L

Question 2

List the concentrations of the major components of intracellular and extracellular fluid

Answer 2

Intracellular:
K+ = 140
Na+ = 15
Cl- = 5
Extracellular:
Na+ = 140
Cl- = 110
K+ = 5

Question 3

Summarise the main features of biological membranes

Answer 3

There are:\
Phospholipid Bilayers
Sphingolipids
Cholesterol

Question 4

Sphingolipids

Answer 4

Contain cholesterol and have hydrophilic-hydrophobic characters

Question 5

Cholesterol

Answer 5

Dissolved within the membrane and contributes to fluidity

Question 6

Explain the importance of the amphipathic properties of membrane lipids

Answer 6

This allows it to form the bi-layer and controls the entry and exit of substances in and out of the cell

Question 7

Explain the differences between integral and peripheral membrane proteins

Answer 7

Integral proteins:
these are situated within the bi-layer
Peripheral proteins:
these are situated on the periphery of the bi-layer

Question 8

Identify the key roles played by membrane transport processes

Answer 8

Passive:
Down the conc gradient 
no energy required
ACTIVE:
up conc gradient 
requires energy (ATP)

Question 9

What are the two kinds of active transport

Answer 9

primary:
uses energy source directly
secondary:
uses energy source indirectly

Question 10

what are the three things which effect the rate of transport

Answer 10

concentration
pressure
electrical potential

Question 11

permeability co-efficient

Answer 11

rate of movement cm/sec

Question 12

NET diffusion

Answer 12

concentration of outside - concentration of inside

Question 13

resting membrane potenical =

Answer 13

-70 mV