Cell Adhesion and Extracellular Matrix Flashcards

1
Q

What is connective tissue composed of?

A

cells (scattered)
Extracellular matrix
-fibrillar proteins
-hydrated gel of GAGs

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2
Q

Name me some Fibrillar proteins found in the extra cellular matrix

A

collagen
elastin
fibronectin
laminin

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3
Q

Name a vesicle that transports proteins from the RER to the Golgi

A

COPII buds

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4
Q

Tell me about the secretion of collagen

A

occurs by exocytosis at specialised sites

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5
Q

what is the production of collagen fibril by fibroblasts in a membrane tube called

A

fibripositor

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6
Q

elastic recoil is what kind of effect

A

hydrophobic

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7
Q

What do proteoglycans provide

A

matrix support/cushioning/hydration
glue-like function
Links between proteins of ECM and ECM and cell surface

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8
Q

what are GAGS

A
Long chains of repeating disaccharide units 
highly charged (-ve) and highly hydrated
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9
Q

The binding

A

Extracellular = collagen, fibronectin, proteoglycans
plasma membrane = integrin
intracellular = actin and adapter protein

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10
Q

What are the two functions of a myofibroblast

A

secrete collagen

smooth muscle like synthesise actin myosin and desmin

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11
Q

What do myofibroblasts do in response to tissue damage

A

proliferate
secrete collagen as a scaffold
consolidate damaged area - fibrous scar
contract (reduce size of damaged area)

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12
Q

What is the composition of mast cells in terms of granules

A

heparin

histamine

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13
Q

desmosome

A

intermediate filaments

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14
Q

adhernens junction

A

actin filaments

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15
Q

What does plaque contain

A

desmoplakin

plakoglobin

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16
Q

Cadherins

A

a type of cell adhesion molecule (CAM) that is important in the formation of adherens junctions to bind cells with each other

17
Q

what’s the role of focal adhesions

A

link the outside of the cell (ECM) through transmembrane proteins (interns) with cytoskeleton (actin filaments)
-signalling platforms

18
Q

hemidesmosomes

A

the same except intermediate filaments and they are more stable

19
Q

interns

A

bridges between cyctol and ECM

20
Q

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

A

gene mutation absence of dystrophin (adapter) due to premature termination of translation

21
Q

PTC 124 (ataluren)

A

experimental drug which overrides the premature stop signal mutation to produce normal dystrophin

22
Q

E-cadherin

23
Q

N-cadherin

A

neurons and heart muscle

24
Q

P-cadherins

A

placenta, epidermis

25
VE-cadherin
endothelial
26
Cell adhesion in cancer stages
tumour cells accumulate carcinoma arriving cells undergo mesenchymal transition (losing cell adhesion)
27
Microinvasion
- cells convert to "mesenchymal" cells and expression of cadherins reduced - aided by actin based protrusions (invadipodia) - basement membrane breached - in invading tumours leading cells express integrins promoting interaction with ECM and non-epithelial cells during movement