clinical anatomy of the back Flashcards
Jefferson fracture
fracture in anterior and posterior arches of c1
results from axial loading injury (head first)
best seen odontoid view
hangmans fracture
fracture in pars interarticluaris of C2
high force hypertension of the head on the neck
best seen lateral view
herniated disc
most likely in lumber region L4/L5 or L5-S1 regional’s
suppress sciatic nerve-sciatica
straight leg raise test
MRI
treatment of herniated disc
physiotherapy steroid injection surgery last resort keep active avoid activities which aggravate the symptoms
spondylolysis
defect ir stress factor in pars articulates
most commonly effect L5
repetitive hyperextension
mostly leads to spondylolisthesis
spondylolisthesis
anterior slippage of superior vertebrae over inferior vertebra
L5/S1
lateral spine xray
treatment of spondylolytheisis and spondylolysis
analgesia avoid activities which aggregate injury physiotherapy brace debatable surgery is reserved for high degree slippage or failed conservative treatment
spondylosis
degeneration of the spinal column
facet joint syndrome
degeneration of the facet joint
common cause of back pain
pain worse on lateral flexion and rotation
more common in cervical and lumber regions
vertebral fracture
compression fracture in elderly and burst fracture in young
history of sig. trauma
sudden severe central spine pain relieved by lying down
structural deformity
vertebral tenderness
spinal cancer
prostate breast lung renal gradual onset over 50 thoracic pain aggrevated by straining unexplained weight loss previous cancer vertebral tenderness
discitis
infection of the intervertebral disc co exist with vertebral osteomyelitis staphylococcus aureus severe back pain and fever MRI IV antibiotics
infection of the spine by TB
Potts disease
cauda equina syndrome
herniated intervertebral disc metastasis infection-epidural abscess spondylothesis vertebral fracture postoperative haematoma
cauda equina SPINE
saddle anaesthesia Pain Incontinence Numbness Emergency
