features of science

Question 1

what is a paradigm

Answer 1

a shared set out assumptions and method from scientific disciplines

Question 2

what is paradigm shift

Answer 2

when researchers start to question the accepted paradigm , when there is too much contradictory evidence to ignore then the shift occurs and the old paradigm is not the paradigm anymore

everyone thought the earth was at the centre of solar system but the

Question 3

research example of paradigm shift

Answer 3

behaviourism using dogs in 1920s goes towards cognitive neuroscience in 1970s using things like electrical imaging

Question 4

kuhn felt that social sciences lacked a …

and why is psych a prescience

Answer 4

universally acceptable paradigm and so they are presciences but also because there are too much internal disagreement with too many conflicting approaches to qualify as a science

Question 5

kuhn suggested that an established science occurs when…

Answer 5

there is a SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION which is a new paradigm after a paradigm shift

Question 6

what is a theory

Answer 6

a set of general laws or principles that have the ability to explain particular events or behaviours

Question 7

what is theory construction

Answer 7

occurs through gathering evidence via direct observation eg evidence stm has limited capacity

Question 8

what is hypothesis testing

Answer 8

hypotheses need to be produced and tested using objective and systematic methods only this way can it be falsified

Question 9

what is deduction

Answer 9

the process of deriving a new hypothesis from an existing theory

Question 10

what is falsifiability

Answer 10

the principle that a theory cannot be considered scientific unless it aims the possibility of being proved untrue (false)

Question 11

what did karl popper say made pseudosciences what they are

Answer 11

the fact that they cant be falsified