Exam 4 Lec Notes Contd Flashcards
adaptive immune system evolved to respond to .. and … pathogens
new; novel
adaptive immune system doesn’t respond … There’s a …, must be …
right away; lag; primed
every neutrophil is … to every other neutrophil
identical
memory formed through … cells
… work through these, priming immune system if exposed to that pathogen again
T and B;
vaccines
antibodies have very high
affinity
antigen: something that can …
only come from … if everything is working properly
activate an immune response;
foreign substances
it’s an issue when body recognizes normal body molecules as antigens- leads to …
autoimmune disorders
things that repeat themselves (…) are not good antigens –> neither … nor …
polymers; immunogenic; reactive
haptens: bind to molecules in the body already and that combination of these two molecules coming together now becomes …
immunogen
e.g. of hapten is poison ivy - an .. that does nothing on its own, only when it binds to things on … of skin that it mounts an immune response
oil;
extracellular matrix
antigenic determinants - …
only certain … recognized on an antigen
epitopes;
epitopes;
antibodies mirror … almost exactly, which is why they’re so effective at recognizing them
antigenic determinant binding sites
must be able to instruct immune system not to … for properly functioning immune system
kill body cells
self-antigens: takes …, chops them up, and displays them through …
body proteins;
self-MHCs
B cells form
antibodies