Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Exam #4: Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Exam #4: Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

How are the four quadrants of the abdomen delineated?

A

Cross through the umbilicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How are the nine regions of the abdomen delineated?

A
  • Sagittal (vertical) lines through the midclavicular planes

- Transverse (horizontal) lines through the subcostal & intertubercular planes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Vertebral level of the umbilicus

A

L3-L4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Umbilicus dermatome

A

T10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the borders of the abdominal cavity?

A
  • Costal arch (ribs 6-10) & xiphoid process
  • Iliac crest
  • Inguinal ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the functions of the abdominal wall?

A
  • Protection & stabilization of the abdominal contents
  • Maintain posture
  • Generation of intra-abdominal pressure necessary for parturition & defecation
  • Respiration: opposes the diaphragm during exhalation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the nine fascial & muscular layers of the abdominal wall from superficial to deep.

A
  1. Skin
  2. Camper’s Fascia
  3. Scarpa’s Fascia
  4. External Oblique
  5. Internal Oblique
  6. Transversus abdominus
  7. Rectus abdominus
  8. Transversalis Fascia
  9. Parietal peritoneum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Camper’s Fascia?

A

Adipose layer w/ cutaneous nerves & blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Scarpa’s Fascia?

A

Membranous layer that becomes Dartos’ Fascia in the scrotum & Colles Fascia in the perineum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the clinical significance of the potential space between Scarpa’s Fascia & the aponeurosis of the external oblique?

A
  • Potential space NOT seen in healthy individual

- Trauma to urethra in males–>urine extravasation into this potential space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

External Oblique: Origin

A

External surface of ribs 5-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

External Oblique: Insertion

A
  • Linea Alba
  • Pubic tubercle
  • Anterior 1/2 of iliac crest
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

External Oblique: Action

A
  • Compress & support abdominal viscera

- Flex & rotate trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

External Oblique: Innervation

A
  • Thoraco-abdominal nerves (ant. rami T7-T11)

- Subcostal nerve (T12)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Internal Oblique: Origin

A
  • Thoracolumbar fascia
  • Anterior 2/3 of iliac crest
  • Connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Internal Oblique: Insertion

A
  • Inferior borders of ribs 10-12

- Lina Alba & Pubis via conjoin tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Internal Oblique: Action

A
  • Compress & support abdominal viscera

- Flex & rotate trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Internal Oblique: Innervation

A
  • Thoraco-abdomina nerves (ant. rami of T7-T11)

- L1

19
Q

Transversus Abdominis: Origin

A
  • Internal surface of ribs 7-12 costal cartilage
  • Thoracolumbar fascia
  • Iliac crest
  • Connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament
20
Q

Transversus Abdominis: Insertion

A
  • Linea Alba w/ aponeurosis of internal oblique

- Pubic crest & pectin pubis via conjoin tendon

21
Q

Transversus Abdominis: Action

A

Compresses & supports abdominal viscera

22
Q

Transversus Abdominis: Innervation

A
  • Thoraco-abdominal nerves (ant. rami of T7-T11)

- L1

23
Q

Rectus Abdominus: Origin

A
  • Pubic Symphysis

- Pubic Crest

24
Q

Rectus Abdominus: Insertion

A
  • Xiphoid process

- Costal cartilages 5-7

25
Q

Rectus Abdominus: Action

A
  • Flexes trunk
  • Compresses abdominal viscera
  • Antagonist to the diaphragm
  • Stabilizes & control pelvic tilt (antilordosis)
26
Q

Rectus Abdominus: Innervation

A

Thoraco-abdominal nerves (T7-T12)

27
Q

Arcuate Line

A
  • Horizontal line demarcating the lower limit of the posterior rectus sheath
28
Q

What is the significance of the arcuate line?

A
  • **Rectus sheath= aponeuroses of the transversus abdominis, external oblique, & internal oblique muscles
  • Above, tendons split & envelop the rectus abdominis
  • Below, tendons fuse & only wrap anteriorly around the rectus abdominis; thus, the posterior surface of the ant. abdominal wall is only covered by the transversalis fascia & parietal peritoneum–>weak/ prone to hernia
29
Q

Which fascial layer forms the deep inguinal ring?

A

Transversalis fascia

30
Q

What is the function of the parietal peritoneum?

A

Production of serous fluid that lubricates the abdominal organs

31
Q

Where are the inferior epigastric arteries & veins found?

A

Between the transversalis fascia & parietal peritoneum

32
Q

Falciform Ligament

A

Remnant of the ventral mesentery

33
Q

Where is the Ligamentum Teres found? What is the Ligamentum also called? What is the Ligamentum Teres a remnant of?

A
  • Found in the free edge of the Falciform Ligament
  • Also called the round ligament
  • Remnant of the fetal umbilical vein (oxygenated blood from mother to fetus)
34
Q

Median Umbilical Fold

A

Urachus (remnant of the allantois) & paraumbilical veins

35
Q

Medial Umbilical Fold

A

Remnant of the umbilical arteries

36
Q

Lateral Umbilical Fold

A

Inferior epigastric arteries & veins

37
Q

A patient has an infection of an abdominal organ. If the organ is above the umbilicus, where will lymphadenopathy present? What about below the umbilicus?

A
  • Above= axillary lymph nodes

- Below= inguinal lymph nodes

38
Q

A patient is undergoing a cholecystectomy. What type of surgical incision will be utilized for the procedure?

A

Subcostal

39
Q

A patient is undergoing surgery to transverse colon (or small intestine). What type of surgical incision will be utilized for the procedure?

A

Median (through the linea alba)

40
Q

A patient is undergoing an appendectomy. What type of surgical incision will be utilized for the procedure?

A

Gridiron (McBurney’s Point)

41
Q

A patient is undergoing an oophrectomy. What type of surgical incision will be utilized for the procedure?

A

Transverse (Horizontal incision)

42
Q

A patient is undergoing a hysterectomy. What type of surgical incision will be utilized for the procedure?

A

Suprapubic

43
Q

What are the consequences of corset wear?

A
  • Lung volume compromised & dyspnea present
  • Weaken abdominal muscles (fake transversus abdominis)
  • Reduce appetite
  • Constipation
  • Exacerbate prolapsed uterus
  • Harmful to fetus during pregnancy
  • Does NOT harm the liver
44
Q

Conjoint Tendon

A

Fused aponeurosis of the internal oblique & transversus abdominis m.
- Reinforces lower part of the rectus sheath

Anatomy (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions