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Anatomy > Exam #3: Vertebral Column > Flashcards

Exam #3: Vertebral Column Flashcards

1
Q

Supraspinous Ligaments

A
  • Merges with the interspinous ligaments & runs from C7 to the sacrum along the spinous processes
  • Limits Flexion
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2
Q

Interspinous Ligaments

A
  • Connects from the lower edge of one spinous process to the upper edge of the next (e.g. L4-L5)
  • Limits Flexion
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3
Q

Ligamenta Flava

A
  • The ligament that runs entire length of the vertebral column along the anterior portion of the lamina
  • Connects one lamina to the next
  • yellow because of fibrous tissue
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4
Q

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

A
  • Ligament that runs along the anterior portion of the vertebral bodies
  • Thick & strong
  • Limits extension
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5
Q

Posterior Longitudinal Ligmanet

A
  • Ligament that runs along the posterior portion of the vertebral bodies
  • Narrow over each vertebral body, but thickens over the discs
  • Limits Flexion
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6
Q

Epidural Space

A
  • Space between the walls of the vertebral canal & the dura mater
  • Contains fat & blood vessels
  • Veins form the internal vertebral venous plexus
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7
Q

Subdural Space

A
  • Space between the dura & the arachnoid mater
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8
Q

Subarachnoid Space

A

Space between the arachnoid & pia mater

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9
Q

Denticulate Ligaments

A
  • Lateral extensions of the pia mater from the spinal cord to the dura
  • Extend from the foramen magnum to L1
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10
Q

Lumbar Enlargement

A
  • widened area of the spinal cord that gives attachment to the nerves which supply the lower limbs
  • Starts at L1
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11
Q

Conus Medullaris

A

Tapered end of the spinal cord

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12
Q

Cauda Equina

A
  • Latin for “horse tail”

- Bundle of spinal nerve past the end of the spinal cord

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13
Q

Filum Terminale

A
  • Slender & thread-like continuation of the pia mater

- Connects the spinal cord to the coccyx

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14
Q

Number of Cervical Vertebrae

A

7

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15
Q

Number of Thoracic Vertebrae

A

12

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16
Q

Number of Lumbar Vertebrae

A

5

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17
Q

Number of Sacral Vertebrae

A

5 (Fused)

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18
Q

Number of Coccygeal Vertebrae

A

4

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19
Q

Vertebral Body

A
  • Large anterior portion of the vertebra

- Major weight bearing component of the vertebral column

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20
Q

Pedicle

A

“Feet” that join the vertebral body and arch

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21
Q

Lamina

A

Flat plates contacting the pedicles

22
Q

Vertebral foramen

A
  • Space created by the vertebral body & arch

- Forms the vertebral canal

23
Q

Superior & Inferior Vertebral Notches

A
  • Notches in pedicles
  • Form the intervertebral foramen
  • Exit for the spinal nerves
24
Q

Articular Processes

A
  • Superior & Inferior plates extending from the lamina?

- 4 per vertebra

25
Q

Characteristics of Cervical Vertebrae

A
  • Transverse foramina (vertebral arteries)
  • Anterior & Posterior Tubercles (Carotid Tubercles C6)
  • Vertebral Foramina enlarge C3-C7 for cervical enlargement
  • Uncinate process= saddle-shaped superior border of the vertebral body
26
Q

Characteristics of Thoracic Vertebrae

A
  • Rib-bearing vertebrae i.e. contain costal facets

- Spinous process is long & slender

27
Q

Characteristics of Lumbar Vertebrae

A
  • Major weight bearing vertebrae
  • Accessory Process
  • Mamillary Process
  • Wedge-shaped L5
28
Q

Characteristics of Sacral Vertebrae

A
  • No Discs (same as C1-C2)
  • Fused
  • Functions to transfer body weight to the pelvis
  • Sacral Promontory
  • Sacral Hiatus
  • Auricular Surface
29
Q

Characteristics of Coccygeal Vertebrae

A
  • Rudimentary Tailbone

- Coccygeal Cornua

30
Q

C1

A
  • Atlas
  • Articulates with occipital condyles
  • Lacks vertebral body
  • Groove for vertebral artery on superior surface
31
Q

C2

A
  • Axis

- Contains the dens/odontoid process, which is the pivot for the skull

32
Q

Which throacic vertebrae do not contain costal facets?

A

T11 & T12

33
Q

Accessory Process

A
  • Located posterior on each transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae
  • Attachment for the intertransverse lumborum muscles
34
Q

Mamillary Process

A
  • Attachment for multifidus & median intertransverse muscles
35
Q

Where does the spinal cord end?

A

Conus medullaris, L2

36
Q

Where do you do a lumbar puncture?

A

L4-5

37
Q

Sacral Promontory

A

Most anterior portion of the sacrum

38
Q

Sacral Hiatus

A
  • Gap in laminae that forms an inverted V

- Where the vertebral column ends

39
Q

Auricular Surface

A
  • Part of the sacrum that articulates with the inominate

- Functions to transfer weight from the vertebral column to the lower limb

40
Q

Primary Curvatures

A
  • Present at birth due to the size of the vertebrae themselves
  • Thoracic (anteriorly concave)
  • Sacral (anteriorly concave)
41
Q

Secondary Curvature

A
  • Develops after birth due to differences in the thickness of the intervertebral discs
  • Cervical (anteriorly convex)
  • Lumbar (anteriorly convex)
42
Q

What are the intervertebral discs the remnant of?

A

Notochord

43
Q

Annulus Fibrosus

A

Outer portion of concentric fibrocartilaginous circles

44
Q

Nucleus Pulposus

A
  • Posteriorly positioned
  • Gelatinous
  • Elastic
  • Avascular
45
Q

Transverse ligament of atlas

A

Holds dens of C2 with arch of C1

46
Q

Longitudinal Bands

A

Extend from transverse ligament to occiput & C2 body

47
Q

Alar Ligaments

A
  • Extend from sides of dens to C1 & foramen magnum

- Limits head rotation

48
Q

Tectorial Membrane

A
  • Extends from C2 and through formen magnum

- Superior continuation of posterior longitudinal ligament

49
Q

What are the spinal arteries branches of?

A
  • Neck= vertebral & ascending cervical artery
  • Thorax= Posterior intercostal arteries
  • Abdomen= Subcostal & lumbar arteries
  • Pelvis= iliolumbar & lateral and medial sacral arteries
50
Q

Spinal veins

A

Internal and external venous plexus

Anatomy (35 decks)

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