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Anatomy > Exam #3: Heart I > Flashcards

Exam #3: Heart I Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Pericardium? Where does it attach & what does it contain?

A
  • Double-walled fibroserous sac around the heart
  • Attached to the sternum
  • Contains the phrenic nerve
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2
Q

What is the Fibrous Pericardium?

A
  • Fuses the pericardium to the central tendon of the diaphragm (anchor)
  • V. inelastic/ thick
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3
Q

What is the Serous Pericardium?

A
  • Thin capillary layer of oily fluid that prevents friction
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4
Q

What is the Parietal Pericardium?

A

Fused to the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium

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5
Q

What is the Visceral Pericardium?

A

Epicardium

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6
Q

What is the Pericardial Cavity?

A
  • Potential space between the parietal pericardium and visceral layer
  • Contains a supply of serous fluid
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7
Q

Transverse Pericardial Sinus

A
  • Located posterior to the aorta & pulmonary trunk, but anterior to the SVC
  • A space where a finger can be inserted
  • Attachment point for CABG
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8
Q

Oblique Pericardial Sinus

A
  • A wide recess posterior to the heart

- Anterior to the SVC, IVC, & pulmonary veins

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9
Q

Pericardiocentesis

A
  • Insert needle into infrasternal angle (left of xiphoid process) or lingula to drain the pericardial sac in cardiac tamponade
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10
Q

Pericardial Effusion

A

Fluid accumulation in the percaridal sac

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11
Q

Apex

A
  • Left Ventricle
  • Located @ the left 5th intercostal space
  • Midclavicular line
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12
Q

Base

A
  • Posterior portion of the heart that sits toward the vertebral column
  • Esophagus is just posterior between heart & thoracic vertebrae
  • Left atrium & sinus venarum
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13
Q

Sinus Venarum

A

Smooth portion of the right ventricle

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14
Q

Sternocostal Surface

A
  • Anterior surface of the heart

- Right ventricle (sits just posterior to the sternum)

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15
Q

Diaphragmatic Surface

A
  • Portion of the heart that sits on the central tendon

- Left ventricle mostly, w/ minor contribution from the right ventricle

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16
Q

Right Border

A
  • Right 3rd costal cartilage to right 6th costal cartilage

- Right atrium

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17
Q

Inferior Border

A
  • Right 6th costal cartilage to left 5th intercostal space

- Right ventricle & apex of left ventricle

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18
Q

Left Border

A
  • Left 5th intercostal space to left 2nd intercostal space

- Left ventricle & left auricle

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19
Q

Superior Border

A
  • Left 2nd costal cartilage to right 3rd costal cartilage

- Left & Right Auricle

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20
Q

Left Auricle

A

asdf

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21
Q

Conus Arteriosus

22
Q

Right Auricle

A
  • Ear-like conical muscular pouch that projects from the right atrium
  • Increases the capacity of the right atrium
23
Q

Coronary Sulcus

A
  • Atrioventricular (groove between the atria & ventricles)

- Coronary arteries sit in this groove

24
Q

Anterior Interventircular Groove

A
  • Groove between the right & left ventricles (anterior)

- Deep structure is the interventricular septum

25
Q

Posterior Interventricular Groove

A
  • Groove between the right & left ventricles

- Sits on the diaphragmatic surface

26
Q

Opened Right Atrium

A
  • Superior & Inferior Vena Cava
  • Sinus Venarum
  • Crista Terminalis
  • Pectinate Muscles
  • Interatrial Septum
  • Fossa Ovalis
  • Opening for the coronary sinus
  • Tricuspid Valve
27
Q

Superior Vena Cava

A

Blood draining into the heart from superior to the diaphragm

28
Q

Inferior Vena Cava

A

Blood draining into the heart from inferior to the diaphragm

29
Q

Sinus Venarum

30
Q

Crista Terminalis

31
Q

Pectinate Muscles

32
Q

Interatrial Septum

33
Q

Fossa Ovalis

A

Only seen in the RA

34
Q

Tricuspid Valve

A

Valve between the RA & RV

35
Q

Chordae Tendineae

A

Tendons of the tricuspid valve

36
Q

Papillary Muscle

37
Q

Conus Arteriosus

38
Q

Semilunar Valve

39
Q

Moderator Band

A

Specialized muscle cells that conduct the cardiac impulses

40
Q

Describe the surface of the left atrium.

A
  • Very smooth w/ few pectinate muscles
41
Q

Bicuspid Valve

A
  • Mitral Valve

- Opening from the LA to LV

42
Q

Aortic Vestibule

A
  • Outflow part of the left ventricle
  • Area just prior to the aortic semilunar valves is the most clinically significant part b/c it is the thinnest–> most common area for VSD
43
Q

Trabeculae Carneae

44
Q

Semilunar Valve

A

Aortic

Pulmonary

45
Q

What causes heart sounds?

A

Blood flow hitting a closed valve

46
Q

Lub Sound

A
  • AV valves (tricuspid & mitral)

- Inflow

47
Q

Dub

A
  • Semilunar valves

- Outflow

48
Q

Pulmonic Valve

A
  • Right ventricle into the pulmonary artery

- Stethoscope at Left 2nd intercostal space

49
Q

Aortic Valve

A
  • Left ventricle into the aorta

- Stethoscope at right 2nd intercostal space

50
Q

Mitral Valvue

A
  • Left atrium to the left ventricle

- Stethoscope at apex/ left 5th intercostal space

51
Q

Tricuspid Valve

A
  • Right atrium to right ventricle

- Stethoscope at right sternal border

Anatomy (35 decks)

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