Ethnicity - patterns & trends in ethnic inequality and difference Flashcards
What is ethnic inequality?
The unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on their ethnicity.
True or False: Ethnic minorities are often at a disadvantage in terms of employment opportunities.
True
Fill in the blank: The ___________ model explains how structural factors contribute to ethnic inequality.
institutional racism
What are the three main types of ethnic inequality?
Economic, social, and political inequality.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common indicator of ethnic inequality? A) Employment rates B) Weather patterns C) Sports achievements
A) Employment rates
What does the term ‘ethnic diversity’ refer to?
The presence of multiple ethnic groups within a society.
True or False: Education levels are equal across all ethnic groups.
False
What is the ‘glass ceiling’ effect in relation to ethnic minorities?
An invisible barrier preventing ethnic minorities from advancing to higher positions in the workplace.
Fill in the blank: ___________ is the process by which ethnic groups adapt to the cultural norms of a dominant society.
Assimilation
Multiple Choice: Which ethnic group is often cited as facing significant barriers in the UK job market? A) White British B) Black Caribbean C) Asian Indian
B) Black Caribbean
What is the impact of socio-economic status on ethnic inequality?
Socio-economic status can exacerbate inequalities in education, health, and employment opportunities among different ethnic groups.
True or False: Ethnic differences in crime rates are solely due to individual behavior.
False
What role does government policy play in ethnic inequality?
Government policy can either mitigate or exacerbate ethnic inequalities through legislation and resource allocation.
Fill in the blank: ___________ refers to the unfair treatment of individuals based on their ethnicity within legal systems.
Ethnic discrimination
Multiple Choice: Which of the following theories focuses on the role of power and privilege in maintaining ethnic inequality? A) Functionalism B) Conflict theory C) Interactionism
B) Conflict theory
What is ‘institutional racism’?
Racism that is embedded in the policies and practices of institutions, leading to systemic disadvantage for certain ethnic groups.
True or False: Language barriers can contribute to ethnic inequality.
True
What does the term ‘multiculturalism’ mean?
A policy or ideology that promotes the coexistence of diverse ethnic groups within a society.
Fill in the blank: The ___________ hypothesis suggests that people from different ethnic backgrounds have different levels of access to social networks.
social capital
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common form of ethnic inequality in health care? A) Equal access B) Discrimination C) Universal coverage
B) Discrimination
What is the significance of the term ‘ethnic enclave’?
A geographic area where a particular ethnic group is concentrated, often leading to economic opportunities but also potential isolation.
True or False: Ethnic minorities are always overrepresented in poverty statistics.
False
What is ‘cultural appropriation’?
The adoption of elements of one culture by members of another culture, often without permission and in a way that can be exploitative.
Fill in the blank: ___________ refers to the visible and invisible barriers that prevent ethnic minorities from achieving success.
Barriers to entry
Multiple Choice: Which ethnic group has historically faced the most discrimination in the UK? A) Jewish B) Black C) Asian
B) Black
What is meant by ‘ethnic identity’?
A person’s sense of belonging to a particular ethnic group, including shared culture, language, and heritage.
True or False: Social mobility is equally accessible to all ethnic groups.
False
What is the ‘model minority’ stereotype?
The perception that certain ethnic groups are more successful than others, which can create unrealistic expectations and ignore systemic issues.
Fill in the blank: ___________ is the practice of favoring one ethnic group over others, often seen in hiring practices.
Ethnic favoritism
