Crime & Deviance - how can crime and deviance be reduced? Flashcards
What does the term ‘deviance’ refer to in sociology?
Behavior that violates social norms.
True or False: Crime is a form of deviance.
True.
What are two main types of crime?
Property crime and violent crime.
What is the main focus of the social control theory?
How societal institutions prevent deviance.
Fill in the blank: __________ theory suggests that crime occurs when individuals feel disconnected from society.
Strain
What role does education play in reducing crime?
It provides skills and knowledge that can deter criminal behavior.
List one example of a situational crime prevention strategy.
Improving street lighting.
What is ‘restorative justice’?
A system that focuses on rehabilitating offenders through reconciliation with victims.
True or False: The presence of police can act as a deterrent to crime.
True.
What is the primary goal of community policing?
To build trust and cooperation between the police and the community.
Which theory emphasizes the role of socialization in preventing deviance?
Social learning theory.
Fill in the blank: The __________ model of criminal justice focuses on punishment rather than rehabilitation.
Retributive
What is one potential effect of poverty on crime rates?
Increased likelihood of committing crimes due to lack of resources.
What is ‘broken windows theory’?
The idea that visible signs of disorder encourage more crime.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a method of reducing deviance? A) Increased surveillance B) Community engagement C) Isolation D) Educational programs
C) Isolation
What can be a consequence of labeling theory?
Individuals may internalize the deviant label and continue deviant behavior.
True or False: Economic incentives can reduce crime rates.
True.
What does ‘zero tolerance’ policing entail?
Strict enforcement of laws with no discretion for minor offenses.
What is the purpose of crime prevention programs?
To implement strategies that decrease the likelihood of crime.
Fill in the blank: __________ programs aim to provide support and resources to at-risk youth.
Intervention
What is the significance of social cohesion in crime reduction?
Stronger community ties can deter criminal behavior.
What does the term ‘recidivism’ mean?
The tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend.
True or False: Drug rehabilitation programs can help in reducing crime.
True.
What is the role of mental health services in crime reduction?
They address underlying issues that may lead to criminal behavior.
What is the ‘social bond’ theory?
The idea that strong social bonds decrease the likelihood of deviance.
Which age group is most commonly associated with higher crime rates?
Young adults.
Fill in the blank: __________ programs are designed to teach conflict resolution skills.
Mediation
What is the impact of unemployment on crime rates?
Higher unemployment rates can lead to increased crime rates.
True or False: Community service can be an effective form of punishment.
True.
What is ‘deterrence theory’?
The belief that the threat of punishment will prevent crime.
What is ‘target hardening’?
Making physical changes to a property to deter crime.
Fill in the blank: __________ theory posits that crime is a result of social inequality.
Conflict
What is a ‘crime hotspot’?
A geographic area with a high level of criminal activity.
What role does public policy play in crime reduction?
It establishes laws and regulations aimed at preventing crime.
True or False: Social programs can effectively reduce the root causes of crime.
True.
What is the importance of family structure in crime prevention?
Stable family environments can reduce the likelihood of criminal behavior.
What does ‘crime mapping’ refer to?
Analyzing crime data to identify patterns and trends in criminal activity.
Fill in the blank: __________ is the process of educating the public about crime prevention strategies.
Awareness-raising
What is the impact of social media on crime?
It can facilitate both criminal behavior and crime prevention.
What is ‘peer influence’ in the context of crime?
The effect that peers have on an individual’s likelihood to engage in criminal behavior.
True or False: Effective crime reduction strategies require cooperation among various stakeholders.
True.
What is the goal of diversion programs?
To redirect offenders away from traditional criminal justice processes.
What is ‘social capital’?
The networks and relationships that facilitate cooperation in a community.
Fill in the blank: The __________ approach combines multiple strategies to address crime.
Holistic
