ELS (2nd Grading) Flashcards
contains metals and intermetallic elements, semimetals, nonmetals, or natural silver, alloys, and constituents of a few rare meteorites.
Native Element Class
It forms in areas with high evaporation rates and where salty waters slowly evaporate.
Sulphate Class
process by which an organism produces its own kind to ensure that its species lives on
Reproduction
Female and male sex cell
Gametes
NADPH
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Phosphate
Have round shape and grow underground
bulbs
Plants and animals as agents of mechanical weathering
biological weathering
Different types of cellular respiration
Glycolysis
Citric acid cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation
Color of mineral in powder form
Streak
naturally occurring inorganic solids
Minerals
The minerals that constitutes rocks have different susceptibilities to weathering
Rock Type
he wrote the book micrographia and also a artist, 1st
Robert Hooke
Basic Structural unit of each living things on earth
CELL
The process by which the sperm and egg cells unite, takes place after pollination
Fertilization
How cell carry out functions required for life
Multicellular organisms- specialized cells
Transfer of pollen from the anther to stigma of the same plant
Pollination
Smell of the mineral
Odor
Transfer of heat by mass movement or circulation of a substance
Convections
found in electrical wires, industrial materials, and other things that are needed in construction.
Sulfide Class
Rate of weathering is affected by the presence of joints, folds, faults, bedding planes through which agents of weathering enter a rock mass.
Rock Structure
2 types of crust
Oceanic crust and continental crust
Union of gametes
Syngamy / Fertilization
formed from the deposition of different materials on Earth’s surface.
Sedimentary Rocks
are composed of metal cations (+2 charge) combined with sulfur.
Sulfide class
Food Producers
Chloroplasts
Process by which Earth’s surface is worn away by wind, water, or ice.
Erosion
Mineral break along flat surface or into sheets
Cleavage
Disintegration of rocks, soil and minerals together
Weathering
Middle layer of earth between the crust and core
Mantle
Small Rooms
Cellulae
What are the types of asexual reproduction
Binary fission
Budding
Fragmentation
Regeneration
Inner most layer of the earth
Core
What does ignis mean?
Fire
Organisms that exhibit separate sexes
Dioecious
rocks break down by chemical reaction
Chemical Weathering
Chemical weathering is most active in areas with high temperature
Climate
Granum (Grana) - thylakoids - chlrophyll
Chloroplasts
Wearing away of rocks by constant collision of loose particles
Abrasion
It refers to the measure of the mineral’s resistance to scratching.
Hardness
Proved outer core is liquid and inner core is solid
Innge Lehman
Contains natural salts
Halide Class
are crystallized from magma or molten or partially molten volcanic materials that came from within Earth
Igneous Rocks
What is botany
Study of Plants
Weathering occurs more quickly on a steep slope than on a gentle one
Topography
Is a thick and swollen roots
Tubers
Male reproductive system (Plant)
Stamen
- chemical breakdwon of substance when combined with water
Hydrolysis
derived from natural geologic process
Minerals
Ability of a mineral to attract or repel other minerals
Magnetism
Grows above the ground
Runner or stolon
Measure of the density of a mineral.
Specific Gravity
oxidation products of minerals during the process of weathering
Oxide Class
A result of the way minerals absorb light.
Color
All organisms are made up of one or more cell, The cell is the basic unit of life, All cells arise from preexisting cells (Omnis Cellula e cellue)
Cell Theory
minerals with phosphorus
Phosphate Class
Layer of weak, ductile rock in the mantle
Asthenosphere
What can cause erosion
Human activities
Mining
animal stampede
The reaction between minerals and oxygen dissolved in water
Oxidation
What is the scale to test hardness called?
Mohs Hardness Scale
is the ability in some animals to switch their sex based on environmental cues such as changes in temperature
Protandry
Length of exposure to agents of weather determines the degree of weathering of a rock
Time
Tells how a mineral’s crystals are arranged
Crystalline structure
German mineralogists
Frederick Mohs
Outgrows or bud develops on the parent organism
Budding
Zoologist, 2nd
Theodor Schwann
Boundary separating the crust and the mantle
Moho
When a mineral breaks with lots of Jagged edges
Fracture
Where in a new plant can grow from a part taken from the parent plant. (Roots, Leaves and stems)
Vegetative Propagation
Thin, outmost layer of earth
Crust
slow movement of soil along a curved surface
slump
What are Eight Basic Classes of Minerals?
1.Silicate class
2.Carbonate class
3.Sulphate class
4.Halide class
5.Oxide class
6.Sulfide class
7.Phosphate class
8.Native element class
It can be found in:
● shells of dead planktons and other marine organisms
● Areas with high rates of evaporation
● Areas where dissolution of soluble rocks took place
Carbonate Class
The Reaction of a mineral to light
Luster
It happens when combined souil and water flow down a slope
Mudflow
carry histories of changes in Earth’s magnetic field
Oxide Class
elastic shockwave that travel outward in all directions from an earthquake
Seismic Wave
Only required DNA from one parent. It creates offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
Asexual reproduction
The level of resistance or reaction of minerals to stress such as crushing, bending, breaking , or tearing.
Tenacity
When pollen from the anther of one plane is transferred to stigma of another plant
Cross Pollination
What are Physical Properties of Minerals
- Color
- Streak
- Hardness
- Breaking Properties??
- Crystalline structure
- Transparency or diaphaneity
- Magnetism
- Tenacity
- Luster
- Odor
- Specific Gravity
Largest and most important class of minerals
Silicate Class
Process by which chemical energy of food molecules is released and partially captured for the production of ATP
Cell Resipration
Where in the body of an organism divides into two bodies
Binary Fission
Croatian seismologist
Andrija Mohorovicic
Wearing away rocks by constant collision of lose particles
Abrasion
are rocks that derive from igneous or sedimentary rocks that were exposed to high pressure, high temperature, or a combination of both, deep below the surface of Earth
Metamorphic Rocks
Change in the composition of mineral when they react with water
Hydrolysis
no light passes through even the thinnest slice
opaque
an organism’s body is divided into two or more parts, wherein each fragment develops into an organism like its parent.
Fragmentation
Carbon dioxide combines with water
Carbonation
water freezes then expanding and fractures the rock .
Cryofracturing
Force exerted by salt crystals that formed as water evaporates from pore spaces or cracks in rocks can cause the rock to fall apart
Salt crystal growth
What does Morph Mean?
Form
I happens when a large amount of sediments, usually rocks of various sizes, falls down the slope
Debris fall
important biological mineral found-in the teeth and bones of many animals
Phosphate Class
What are the factors that affect the type, extent, and rate at which weathering takes place
Climate
Rock type
Rock Structure
Topography
Time
The ability of a thin slice of material to transmit light
Transparency or diaphaneity
German - american Seismologist
Beno GutenBerg
preserve or “record” the kind of environment that existed when they were being formed
Sedimentary Rocks
Is a stem that grows horizontally under the ground
Rhizomes
level of resistance or reaction of mineral to stress
tenacity
The process by which the sperm and egg cells unite, takes place after pollination
Fertilization
What are the Agents of weathering
- water, acids, salts, plants, animals, and changes of temperatures
Found in Marine environments
Carbonate Class
What does Meta Mean?
Change
A Theory which proposes that the earth’s crust and upper mantle to be composed of several large, thin and relatively rigid plates that move relative to one another
Plate tectonics Theory
When water gets inside the joints
Frost wedging
Found in Dead sea, Great Salt Lake
Halide Class
father of modern patology, 3rd
Rudolf Virchow
It occurs where the sun’s light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll
Light-dependent reactions
What are Classification of Rocks
- Igneous rocks
2.Sedimentary rocks
3.Metamorphic rocks
- reaction of substance with oxygen
Oxidation
Branch of biochemistry that focuses on how cells transform energy
BioEnergetics
Breakdown of rocks by mechanical forces
Physical weathering
Dissociation of molecules into ions
Dissolution
in plants takes place when the gametes, or the male and female sex cells of a plant, unite to form a single cell called zigote
Sexual reproduction
disk like structure
Granum
ATP
Adenosine trihosphate
All processes produced in the surface
Exogenous Processes
What is ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
Organisms that have both male and female systems
Monoecious or Hermaphrodites
Happens in stroma
Light independent reaction, calvin cycle
Minerals don’t contain _________
Carbon
What are the functions required for life
Respiration
regulation
Reproduction
Excretion
Growth
Nutrition
Transport
Synthesis
whats ADP
Adenosine Diphosphate
Refers to the movement of large masses of materials
Mass wasting
It involves new plants growing from small parts of the parent plant that fall to the ground
Fragmentation
German botanis and botany professor, Plant structure
Matthias Schleiden
female reproductive system(plant)
Pistil
