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Exam Grade 11 > ELS (1st Grading) > Flashcards

ELS (1st Grading) Flashcards

1
Q

developed the tidal theory

A

Forrest R Moulton and Thomas C Chamberlin

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2
Q

1948: Bondi and Gould by Hoyle

A

Steady state model

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3
Q

interpretation that galaxies are moving away from each other

A

Redshift

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4
Q

Two different types of Crust

A

Continental and Oceanic

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5
Q

subsystem that includes water or liquid

A

Hydrosphere

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6
Q

Is the layer of the atmosphere closest to Earth’s surface.

A

Troposphere

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7
Q

What theory predicted the expanding universe

A

Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity

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8
Q

a nuclear fusion reaction responsible for the energy produced by star.

A

Thermonuclear reaction

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9
Q

The Outer planets or “Gas Giants”

A

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune

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10
Q

“ordinary matter” consisting of protons electrons and neurons that compromises atoms, planets, stars, galaxies, nd other bodies.

A

Baryonic matter

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11
Q

includes the rocks of the crust and mantle, the metallic liquid outer core, and the solid metallic inner core.

A

Lithosphere

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12
Q

Most planets rotate ______?

A

Prograde

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13
Q

Origin of the universe: Monotheistic Religions

A

Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

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14
Q

Absorbs some of the incoming solar radiation, shielding life on Earth from potentially harmful ultraviolet (UV) light.

A

Ozone Layer

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15
Q

closest known black hole to Earth

A

The Unicorn

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16
Q

Is an elastic shock wave that travels outward in all directions from an earthquake source.

A

Seismic Wave

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17
Q

Who popularized the term ‘biosphere”?

A

Vladimir Vernadsky

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18
Q

considered the universe as one interacting entity.

A

Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander Von Humboldt

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19
Q

layer of weak, ductile rock in the mantle.

A

Asthenosphere

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20
Q

a source of anti-gravity; a force that counteracts and causes the universe to expand.

A

Dark energy

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21
Q

What does the universe compromise?

A

space and time, matter and energy.

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22
Q

landed on the Red Planet last February 18, 2021.

A

Perseverance

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23
Q

70% of the earth is covered with liquid ______?

A

Water

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24
Q

Is a Croatian seismologist

A

Andrija Mohorovicic

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25
Q

Origin of the universe: Kuba People of Central Africa, creator god

A

Mbombo

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26
Q

Two ideas of Big Bang Theory

A

General Relativity
Cosmological Principle

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27
Q

Who proved that the outer core is liquid and the inner core is solid?

A

Inge Lehmann

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28
Q

Percentages of Water in Earth

A

95% Salt
3%Fresh
2/3% ice
1% lakes

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29
Q

The building block of galaxies and are born out of clouds of gas and dust in galaxies.

30
Q

Is one of the modern hypothesis of the origin of earth and the solar system.

A

Tidal Theory

31
Q

What is the new moon around jupiter called?

32
Q

Includes rocks and minerals of the Earth

33
Q

like furnaces where elements are synthesized or combined/fused together.

A

Stellar interiors

34
Q

explains the peculiarities of the orbit of Mercury and the bending of light by the Sun and has passed rigorous tests.

A

General Relativity

35
Q

cluster of billions of stars

36
Q

How old is the universe

A

13.8 billion years old

37
Q

maintains that new matter is created as the universe expands thereby maintaining its density.

A

Steady state model

38
Q

matter that has gravity but does not emit light

A

Dark matter

39
Q

an early stage in the formation of a star resulting from the gravitational collapse of gases

40
Q

The distance light can travel in a year; a unit of length used to measure astronomical distance

A

Light years

41
Q

Percentage of water that is fresh

42
Q

The Inner terrestrial planets

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

43
Q

Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

A

protons, neutrons, and atomic nuclei
hydrogen, helium, and lithium

44
Q

Layers of atmosphere

A

Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere

45
Q

The galaxy where our solar system is in.

46
Q

The current hypothesis

A

Protoplanet Hypothesis

47
Q

Is an elastic shock wave that travels outward in all directions from an earthquake source.

A

Seismic Wave

48
Q

boundary separating the crust and mantle

49
Q

thin, outermost layer of the Earth

50
Q

Origin of the universe: India

51
Q

rigid outer layer of the layer which is made up of the brittle crust and upper mantle.

A

Lithosphere

52
Q

Who discovered the redshift?

A

Edwin Hubble

53
Q

According to the _______, the biosphere is a self-regulating system that is capable of controlling its physical and chemical environment.

A

Gaia Hypothesis

54
Q

developed the planetisimal theory.

A

James Jean and Harrold Jeffreys

55
Q

is the thin gaseous layer that envelopes the lithosphere.

A

Atmosphere

56
Q

stars that fuse hydrogen atoms to form helium atoms in their cores; outward pressure resulting from nuclear fusion is balanced by gravitational forces.

A

Main Sequence Stars

57
Q

clusters of galaxies

A

superclusters

58
Q

largest known comet to date

A

Bernardinelli-Bernstein

59
Q

theory which proposes that the earth’s crust and upper mantle to be composed of several large, thin, and relatively rigid plates that move relative to one another.

A

Plate Tectonics

60
Q

Heat is absorbed and redistributed on the surface of the Earth.

A

Ocean circulation

61
Q

Middle layer between the crust and core

62
Q

Percentages of the universe.

A

4.6% baryonic matter
24% cold dark matter
71.4% dark energy

63
Q

Is everything. It includes all of space, and all the matter and energy that space contains. It even includes time itself and, of course, it includes you.

64
Q

They created the Gaia Hypothesis

A

James Lovelock and Lynn Margulis

65
Q

Innermost layer of the Earth

66
Q

assumes that the universe is homogenous and isotropic when averaged over large scales.

A

Cosmological Principle

67
Q

developed the nebular hypothesis

A

Pierre-Simon Laplace and Immanuel Kant

68
Q

Is the coldest layer of the atmosphere.

A

Mesosphere

69
Q

The three most abundant elements

A

Hydrogen
Helium
Lithium

70
Q

Is the set of all life forms on Earth.

71
Q

Origin of the universe: Non-scientific thought

A

Ancient Egyptians

72
Q

Who proved the existence of the Earth’s core?

A

Beno Gutenberg

Exam Grade 11 (39 decks)

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