DNA and Chromosones Flashcards
1
Q
Structure of chromosome
A
Dna molecule combines with histone proteins, forming DNA - histone complex. This is coiled then folds to form loops, loops coil and pack together to form chromosome.
2
Q
How is DNA structured in prokaryotic cells
A
Shorter circular and not associated with protein molecules, no chromosomes
3
Q
How is DNA structured in eukaryotic cells
A
DNA is longer, linear, associate with proteins and form chromosomes.
Mitochondria + chloroplasts contains short circular DNA
4
Q
How many chromosomes does a human have
A
46
5
Q
What are homologous chromosomes
A
The combination of the same chromosomes from maternal and paternal origin
Carry same genes but not necessarily the same alleles
6
Q
Allele
A
An alternative form of the same gene
