Chapter 9 The Urinary System A&P

Question 1

is the process through which the body maintains a constant internal environment

Answer 1

homeostasis

Question 2

is a waste product of muscle metabolism

Answer 2

creatinine

Question 3

constantly filter the blood to remove waste products and excess water.

Answer 3

kidneys

Question 4

means pertaining to the kidneys

Answer 4

renal

Question 5

means behind the peritoneum, which is the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

Answer 5

retroperitoneal

Question 6

is the outer region of the kidney

Answer 6

renal cortex

Question 7

is the inner region of the kidney, contains urine-collecting tubules

Answer 7

medulla

Question 8

is a small tube

Answer 8

tubule

Question 9

are the microscopic functional units of each kidney. urine is produced here

Answer 9

nephrons

Question 10

is the return to the blood of some of the substances that were removed during filtration

Answer 10

reabsorption

Question 11

is a cluster of capillaries surrounded by a cup-shaped membrane called the Bowman’s capsule and a renal tubule

Answer 11

glomerulus

Question 12

blood enters the kidney through this and flows into the nephrons

Answer 12

renal artery

Question 13

blood cells leave the kidneys and return to the blood stream through the

Answer 13

renal vein

Question 14

is the funnel-shaped area inside each kidney that is surrounded by the renal cortex and medulla

Answer 14

renal pelvis

Question 15

are two narrow tubes, each about 10 to 12 inches long, which transport urine from the kidney to the bladder

Answer 15

ureters

Question 16

is a series of wave-like contractions, moves urine down each ureter to the bladder

Answer 16

peristalsis

Question 17

urine drains from the ureters into the bladder through this structure in the wall of the urinary bladder

Answer 17

ureteral orifices

Question 18

means opening

Answer 18

orifice

Question 19

is an oval, hollow muscular organ that is a reservoir for urine before it is excreted from the body

Answer 19

urinary bladder

Question 20

is the tube extending from the bladder to the exterior of the body

Answer 20

urethra

Question 21

one located at either end of the urethra. muscular rings control the flow of urine from the bladder into the urethra, and out of the urethra through the urethral meatus

Answer 21

urinary sphincter

Question 22

is a ring-like muscle that closes a passageway

Answer 22

sphincter

Question 23

means the external opening of a canal

Answer 23

meatus

Question 24

is approximately 1.5 inches long, and the urethral meatus is located between the clitoris and the opening of the vagina

Answer 24

female urethra

Question 25

is approximately 8 inches long, and the urethral meatus is located at the tip of the penis

Answer 25

male urethra

Question 26

is part of the male reproductive system, and surrounds the urethra. sits posteriorly to the bladder

Answer 26

prostate gland

Question 27

also known as voiding or micturition, is the normal process of excreting urine

Answer 27

urination

Question 28

is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the kidneys

Answer 28

nephrologist

Question 29

is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the urinary system of females and the genitourinary system of males

Answer 29

urologist

Question 30

is kidney disease resulting from late-stage diabetes mellitus

Answer 30

diabetic nephropathy

Question 31

spasms of pain in the abdomen

Answer 31

colic

Question 32

in younger people, the inability to urinary when another person is present is

Answer 32

bashful bladder syndrome

Question 33

is the use of a CAT scan to examine the kidneys

Answer 33

nephrotomography

Question 34

is an artificial passage that allows the blood to flow between the body and the hemodialysis unit

Answer 34

shunt

Question 35

which is a sterilized solution made up of water and electrolytes

Answer 35

dialysate

Question 36

are the salts that conduct electricity and are found in the body fluid, tissue, and blood

Answer 36

electrolytes

Question 37

provides ongoing dialysis as the patient goes about his or her daily activities

Answer 37

continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Question 38

uses a machine to cycle the dialysate fluid during the night while the patient sleeps

Answer 38

continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis

Question 39

is a band of fibers that holds structures together abnormally

Answer 39

adhesions

Question 40

is the surgical removal of the entire prostate gland in cases where it is extremely enlarged or when cancer is suspected

Answer 40

radical prostatectomy