Abbreviations: M - Z Flashcards
M
meter; murmur; myopia
MABS
monoclonal antibodies
MAO
maximal acid output; monamine oxidase
MAR
multiple antibiotic resistant
MBC
maximal breathing capacity
MBD
minimal brain damage
mc
millicurie
mcg
microgram
MCH
mean corpusular hemoglobin
HCHC
mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
MCT
mean circulation time
MCV
macular degeneration; medical doctor; muscular dystrophy
MDS
myelodysplastic syndrome
MDR-TUB
multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
ME
middle ear
MED
minimal effective dose; minimal erythema dose
men
meningitis; menstruation
men, mgtis
meningitis
mEq
milliequivalent
MET
metastasis
met
metastasize
M & F
mother and father
MFT
muscle fuction test
mg
milligram
MG
myasthenia gravis
mgm
milligram
MH
malignant hyperpyrexia; malignant hyperthermia; marital history
MHC
mental health care
MI
mitral insufficiency; myocardial infarction
MICU
medical intensive care unit; mobile intensive care unit
MID
multi-infarct dementia
MIDCAB
minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass
MIP
maximal inspiratory pressure
ml, mL
milliliter
MLD
median lethal dose
MM
multiple myeloma; malignant melanoma
mm
millimeteer
mm Hg
millimeters of mercury
MMR
measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination
MND
medical nutrition therapy
MNT
medical ntrition therapy
MO
morbid obestiy
MODY
maturity-onset diabetes of the youn
MOM
milk of magnesia
mono
monocytes
MP
metacarpal-phalangeal
MPD
myofascial pain dysfunction
MR
mental retardation; metabolic rate; mitral regurgitation
MRA
magnetic resonance angiography
MRD
medical record department
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
MS
mitral stenosis; multiple sclerosis; musculoskeletal; morphine sulfate, magnesium sulfate
MSH
melanocyte-stimulating hormone
MTD
right eardrum
MTS
left eardrum
MTX
methotrexate
MV
mitral valve
MVP
mitral valve prolapse
MY, Myop, myop
myopia
myel
myelogram
N & M
nerves and muscles; night and morning
N & T
nose and throat
N & V
nausea and vomiting
NA
not applicable; numerical aperture
Na
sodium
NaCl
sodium chloride
NAD
no acute disease; no apparent distress
NB
newborn
N/C
no complaints
NCV
nerve conduction velocity
NED
no evidence of disease
NEG, neg
negative
Neph
nephron
neuro
neurology
NF
National Formulary; necrotizing fasciitis; neurofibromastosis
N/G
nasogastric (tube)
ng
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
NG
nasogastric tube
NGF
nerve growth factor
NGU
non-gonococcal urethritis
NHL
non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
NI
nuclear imaging
NICU
neurologic intensive care unit, neonatal intensive care unit
NIDDM
non-insulin dependent diabetes
NK cell
natural killer cell
NKA
no known allergies
NLP
neurolinguistic programming
NM
nuclear medicine
nm
neuromuscular
NMR
nuclear magnetic resonance
No
number
noc, noct
night
NOFTT
nonorganic failure to thrive
NP
nasopharynx, nurse practitioner
NPC
no point of convergency
NPO
nouthing by mouth
NR
no response
NREM
no rapid eye movements
NS
nephrotic syndrome; normal saline; not stated; not sufficient
NSAID
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory durg
NSR
normal sinus rhytm
nst
nystagmus
NSU
nonspecific urethritis
Nt
neutralization
NTD
neural tube defect
NTG
nitroglycerin
NVA
near visual acuity
NVD
nausea, vomiting diarrhea; neck vein distention
NVS
neurla vital signs
NYD
not yet diagnosed
ny
nystagmus
OA
osteoarthritis
OAB
overactive bladder
OB
obstetics
OB-GYN
obsetrics and gynecology
obl
oblique
OBS
organic brain syndrome
Obs
obstetrics
OC
office call; oral contraceptive
OCC
occasional
OCD
obsessive-compulsive disoder; oral cholecystogram
OCT
oral contraceptive therapy
OD
overdose;right eye (oculus dexter)
od
once a day
OGN
obstetric-gynecologic-neonatal
OGTT
oral glucose tolerance test
oint
ointment
OJD
osteoarthritic joint dease
OM
otitis media
OME
otitis media with effusion
OMR
optic mark recognition
OOB
out of bed
O & P
ova and parasites
OP
oropharynx; osteoporsis; outpatient
OPA
oropharyngeal airway
OPD
outpatient department
Ophth
ophthalmic
OPT
outpatient
OPV
oral poliovirus vaccine
OR
operating room
ORIF
open reduction internal fixation
ORT
oral rehydration therapy
Orth
orthopedics
OS
left eye (oculus sinster)
os
mouth
OSA
obstructive sleep apnea
OT
occupational therapy; old tuberculin
OTC
over-the-counter
Oto
otology
OU
each eye (oculus unitas)
oz
ounce
OXT
oxytocin
P
percussion; phosphorus; physiology; posterior; presbyopia; progesterone; prolactin; pulse
P & A
percussion and auscultation
PA
pernicious anemia; physician’s assistant; polyarteritis; posteroanterior; pulmonary artery
PA, pa
pathology
PAC
premature atrial contraction
PACAB
port-access coronary artery bypass
PAD
peripheral artery disease
PADP
pulmonary arterial mean pressure
Pap
paanicolaou smear
PAR
perennial allergic rhinitis; postanesthetic recovery
PARA
prior pregnancies resulting in viable births, paraplegic
paren
parenteral (through the skin or mucous membrane
PASP
pulmonary artery systolic pressure
PAT
paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
Path
pathology
Pb
presbyopia
PBC
primary biliary cirrhosis
PBI
protein-bound iodine
PBP
progressive bulbar palsy
PBT4
protein-bound thyroxine
PC
pheochromocytoma; prostate cancer
p.c.
after meals
PCA
prostate cancer
PCKD, PKD
polycystic kidney disease
PCNL
percutaneous nephrolithotomy
PCO, PCOS
polycystic ovary syndrome
PCP
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, primary care physician or provider
PCT
plasmacrit time
PCU
progressive care unit
PCV
packed cell volume
PD
interpupillary distance; Parkinson’s disease; peritoneal dialysis; postural drainage
PDA
patent ductus arteriosus
PDD
pervasive developmental disorder
PDL
periodontal ligament
PDT
photodynamic therapy
PE
physical examination; preeclampsia
PEA
pulseless electrical activity
Peds
pediatrics
PEEP
positive end-expiratory pressure
PEF
peak expiratory flow rate
PEG
pneumoencephalogram; pneumoencephalography
PEL
permissible exposure limit
per
by; through
PERLA
pupils equally reactive (responsive) to light and accommodation
PERRLA
pupils equal, round, react (respond) to light and accommodation
PET
positron emission tomography; preeclamptic toxemia
PFT
pulmonary function tests
PG
pregnant; prostaglandin
PGH
pituitary growth hormone
PGL
persistent generalized lympathy
PH
past history; personal history; public health
pH
acidity; hydrogen ion concentration
PHN
postherpetic neuralgia
PI
present illness
PICU
pulmonary intensive care unit; pediatric intensive care unit
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease
PIF
peak inspiratory flow
PIH
pregnancy-induced hyperension
PK
pyruvate kinase; pyruvate kinase deficiency
PKD
polycystic kidney disease
PKR
partial knee replacement
PKU
phenylketonuria
PL
light perception
pl
placenta
PLC
platelet count
PLMS
periodic limb movements in sleep
LS
primary lateral sclerosis
PLTS
platelets
PM
evening or afternoon; phmedicine; polymyositis; postmortem
PMA
progressive muscular atrophy
PMDD
premenstrual dysphoric disorder
PMH
past medical histor
PMI
point of maximum impulse
PMN
polymorhonuclear neutrophils
PMP
past menstrual period; previous menstrual period
PMR
physical medicine and rehabilitation polymyalgia rheumatica
PMS
premenstrual syndrome
PMT
premenstrual tension
PMVS
prolapsed mitral valve syndrome
PN
peripheral neuropathy; postnatal pneumonia
Pn, PNA pneu
pneumonia
PND
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea; post natal drip
PNH
postnatal headache
Pno
pneumothorax
PNP
peripheral neuropathy
PNS
parasympathetic nervous system; peripheral nervous system
PO, p.o.
by mouth; orally; phone order; postoperative
POC
products of conception
polys
polymorphonuclear leukocytes
POMR
problem-oriented medical record
POS
polycystic ovary syndrome
pos
positive
post-op
postoperatively
PP
placenta previa; postpartum; postprandial (after meals); pulse pressure
ppb
parts per billion
PPBS
postprandial blood sugar
PPD
purifed protein derivative
ppm
parts per million
PPS
postperfusion syndrome; postpolio syndrome; progressive systemic sclerosis
PPT
partial prothrombin time
PPV
positive-pressure ventilation
PR
peripheral resistance; pulse rate
Pr
presbyopia; prism
pr
by rectum
PRA
plasma renin activity
PRC
packed red cells
PRE
progressive restrictive exercise
preg
pregnant
preop
preoperative
prep
prepare
PRK
poto-refractive keratectomy
p.r.n.
as needed
proct
proctology
prog, progn
prognosis
PROM
passive range of motion; premature rupture of membranes
pro time
prothrombin tim
PREE
pupils round, regular, and equal
Prx
prognosis
Ps
psoriasis
PSA
prostate-specific antigen
PSS
progressive systemic sclerosis; physiologic saline solution
psych
psychiatry
PT
paroxysmal tachycardia; physical therapy; prothrombin time
pt
patient; pint
PTA
percutaneous transluminal angioplasty
PTE
pulmonary thromboembolism
PTC
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
PTCA
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
PTD
permanent and total disability
PTE
parathyroid extract; pulmonary thromboemboliam
PTH
parathyroid hormone; parathormone
PTSD
post-traumatic stress disorder
PTT
partial thromboplastin time; prothrombin time
PU
peptic ulcer; pregnancy urine; prostatic urethra
PUD
peptic ulcer disease; pulmonary disease
pul
pulmonary
P & V
pyloroplasty and vagotomy
PV
peripheral vascular; plasma volume; polycythemia vera
PVC
premature ventricular contraction
PVD
peripheral vascular disease
PVE
prosthetic valve endocarditis
PVOD
peripheral vascular occlusive disease
PVS
persistent vegetative state
PVT
paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia
pvt
private
PWB
partial weight-bearing
PWP
pulmonary wedge pressure
Px
prognosis
q
every
qd, q.d.
every day
qh, q.h
every hour
q 2 h
every 2 hours
QID, qid, q.i.d.
four times a day
qm
every morning
qn
every night
qns
quantity not sufficient
qod
every other day
qoh
every other hour
QOL
quality of life
qs
quantity sufficient
qt
quart; quiet
q.q.
each
quad
quadrant, quadriplegia, quadriplegic
R
rectal; respiration; right
RA
refractory anemia; rheumatoid arthritis; right arm; right atrium
rad
radiation absorbed dose
RAF
rheumatoid arthritis factor
RAI
radioactive iodine
RAIU
radioactive iodine uptake determination
RAS
reticular activating system
RAST
radioallergosorbent
RAT
radiation therapy
RBBB
right bundle branch block
RBC
red blood cell; red blood count
RBCV
red blood cell volume
RBE
relative biologic effects
RCA
right coronary artery
RD
respiratory distress; retinal detachment
RDA
recommended daily allowance
RDS
respiratory distress syndrome
RE
right eye
reg
regular
rehab
rehabilitation
rem
roentgen-equivalent-man
REM sleep
rapid eye movement sleep
RER
renal excretion rate
resp
respiration
RF
renal failure; respiration failure; rheumatoid fact; rheumatic fever
RFS
renal function study
RH
right hand
RHD
rheumatic heart disease
Rh neg
Rhesus factor negative
Rh pos
Rhesus factor positive
RIA
radioimmunoassay
RICE
rest, ice, compression, elevate
Rick
rickettsia
RIST
radioimmunosorbent
RK
radial keratotomy
RL
right leg
RLC
residual lung capacity
RLD
related living donor
RLE
right lower extremity
RLL
right lower lobe
RLQ
right lower quadrant
RLS
restless leg syndrome
RM
respiratory movement
RMD
repetitive motion disorder
RML
right mediolateral
RMSF
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
RNA
ribonucleic acid
RND
radical neck dissection
R/O
rule out
ROA
radiopaque agents
ROM
range of motion; rupture of membranes
ROP
retinopathy of prematurity
ROPS
roll over protection structures
ROS
review of systems
ROT
right occipitis transverse
RP
radiopharmaceuticals; Raynaud’s phenomenon; relapsing polychondritis; retrograde pyelogram
RPF
renal plasma flow
RPG
retrograde pyelogram
rpm
revolutions per minute
RPO
right posterior oblique
RPR
rapid plasma reagin
RQ
respiratory quotient
R & R
rate and rhythm
RR
recovery room; respiratory rate
RSD
repetitive stress disorder
RSDS
reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome
RSHF
right-side heart failure
RSI
repetitive stress injuries
RSR
regular sinus rhythm
RSV
right subclavian vein
RT
radiation therapy; renal transplantation; respiratory therapy
rt
right; routine
RTA
renal tubular acidosis
rt lat
right lateral
rtd
retarded
RU
roentgen unit; routine urinalysis
RUE
right upper extremity
RUL
right upper lobe
RUQ
right upper quadrant
RV
residual volume; right ventricle
RVG
radionuclide ventriculogram
RVH
right ventricular hypertrophy
RVS
relative value schedule
RW
rageweed
Rx
prescription; take; therapy; treatment
s
without
S-A
sinoatrial node
S & A
sugar and acetone
SA
salicylic acid; sinoatrial; sperm analysis; surgeon’s assistant
SAAT
serum aspartate aminotransferase
SAB
spontaneous abortion
SACH
self-assured changed in health
SAD
seasonal affective disorder
SAH
subarachnoid hemorrhage
SAL
sensorineural activity level; sterility assurance level; suction-assisted lipectomy
Sal, Salm
salmonella
SALP
salpingectomy; salpingography; serum alkaline phosphatase
Salpx
salpingectomy
SAM
self-administered medication program
SARS
severe acute respiratory syndrome
SAS
short arm splint; sleep apnea syndrome; social adjustment scale; subsarachnoid space
SB
small bowl; spinal bifida; stillbirth; suction biopsy
SBE
subacute bacterial endocarditis
SBO
small bowel obstruction
SC, sc, subq
subcutaneous
SC
Snellen chart; spinal cord
SCA
sickle cell anemia
SCC
squamous cell carcinoma
SCD
sudden cardiac death, scleroderma
schiz
schizophrenia
SCI
spinal cord injury
SCID
severe combined immune deficiency
SCT
sickle cell trait
SD
septal defect; shoulder disarticulation; spontaneous delivery; standard deviation; sudden death
SDAT
senile dementia of Alzheimer’s type
SDM
standard deviation of the mean
SDS
sudden death syndrome
sec
second
SED
sub-erythema dose
sed rate
sedimentation rate
seg
segmented neutrophils
SEM
scanning electron microscopy
semi
half
SES
subcutaneous electric stimulation
sev
sever; severed
SF
scarlet fever; spinal fluid
SG
serum globulin; skin graft
SGA
small for gestational age
SH
serum hepatitis; sex hormone; social history
sh
shoulder
SI
saturation index
SICU
surgical intensive care unit
SIDS
sudden infant death syndrome
sig
let it be labeled
SIRS
systemic inflammatory response syndrome
sis
saline infusion sonohysterography
SISI
short increment sensitivity index
SLE
slit-lamp examination; systemic lupus erthematosus
SLND
sentinel lymph node dissection
SLPS
serum lipase
SM
simple mastectomy
sm
small
SMA
sequential multiple analysis
SMAC
sequential multiple analysis computer
SMG
senile macular degeneration
SMR
submucous resection
SMRR
submucous resection and rhinoplasty
SNR
signal-to-noise ratio
SNRI
serotonin and norepinephrine
SNS
sensory nervous system; sympathetic nervous system
SO
salpingo-oophorectomy
SOAP
medical notation format: subjective, objective, assessments, plan; symptoms, observations, assessments, plan
SOB
shortness of breath
SOM
serous otitis media
SONO
sonography
SOP
standard operating procedure
sos
if necessary
spec
specimen
SPECT
single photon emission computerized tomography
SPF
skin protective factor; sun protective factor
sp gr
specific gravity
SPP
suprapubic prostatectomy
SPR
scanned projection radiography
SQ
subcutaneous
SR
sedimentation rate; stimulus response; system review
SRS
smoker’s respiratory system
ss
half
SS
signs and symptoms; Sjorgren’s syndrome; soap solution
SSE
soap suds edema
SSRI
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
SSU
sterile supply unit
ST
esotropia; sclerotherapy
staph
staphylococcus
stat
immediately
STD
sexually transmitted disease; skin test dose
STH
somatotropic hormone
STK
streptokinase
strab
strabismus
strep
streptococcus
STS
serologic test for syphilis
STSG
split thickness skin graft
subcu, sub-Q
subcutaneous
SUI
stress urinary incontinence
supp
suppository
surg
surgical; surgery
SVC
superior vena cava
SVD
spontaneous vaginal delivery
SVG
saphenous vein graft
SVN
small volume nebulizer
SX
symptoms reduction
Sx
symptoms
Sz
seizure
T
temperature; thrombosis
T1 through T12
thoracic vertebrae
T3
triiodothyronine
T4
thyroxine
T & A
tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
TA, TAB
therapeutic abortion
tab
tablet
TACT
target air-enema computed tomography
TAF
tumor angiogenesis factor
TAH
total abdominal hysterectomy
TAH-BSO
total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
TAO
thromboangiitis obliterans
TB
tuberculosis
TBD
total body density
TBF
total body fat
TBG
thyroxine-binding globulin
TBI
thyroxine-binding index
TBW
total body weight
TCD
transcranial doppler
TCDB
turn, cough, deep breathe
TCP
time care profile
TD
total disability; transdermal
TDM
therapeutic drug monitoring
TDT
tone decay test
TE
tetanus; tonsillectomy
TEE
transesophageal echocardiography
temp
temperature
TEN
toxic epidermal necrolysis
TENS
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
TES
treadmill exercise score
TFS
thyroid function studies
TGA
transportation of great arteries
THA
total hip arthroplasty
THR
total hip replacement
TIA
transient ischemic attack
TIA-IR
transient ischemic attack incomplete recovery
TIBC
total iron-binding capacity
TID, tid, t.i.d.
times interval difference; three times a day
tinct
tincture
TJA
total joint arthroplasty
TKA
total knee arthroplasty
TKO
to keep open
TKR
total knee replacement
TLC
tender loving care; total lung capacity
TLE
temporal lobe epilepsy
TM
temporomandibular; tympanic membrane
TMJ
temporomandibular joint
TMs
tympanic membranes
Tn
normal intraocular tension
TND
term normal delivery
TNF
tumor necrosis factor
TNI
total nodal irradiation
TNM
tumor, nodes, metastases
TO
telephone order
top
topically
TP
testosterone propionate; total protein
TPA, tPA
tissue plasminogen activator; treponema pallidum agglutination
TPBF
total pulmonary blood flow
TPI
treponema pallidum immobilization
TPN
total parenteral nutrution
TPR
temperature, pulse, respiration
TPUR
transperineal urethral resection
TR
tuberculin residue
tr
tincture
trach
trachea; tracheostomy
TRBF
total renal blood flow
TRH
thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Trich
trichomonas
TS
Tourette syndrome
TSD
Tay-Sachs disease
TSE
testicular self-examination
TSH
thyroid stimulating hormone
TSP
total serum protein
TSS
toxic shock syndrome
TST
thallium stress test; tuberculin skin test
TT
thrombin time
TTH
thyrotropic hormone
TULIP
transurethral ultrasound-guided laser-induced protectomy
TUMT
transurethral microwave therapy
TUR
transurethral resection
TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate; prostatectomy
TV
tidal volume; tricuspid valve
TVH
total vaginal hysterectomy
TW
tap water
TWE
tap water enema
Tx
traction; treatment
U/A, UA
urinalysis
UB
urinary bladder
UC
ulcerative colitis; urine culture; uterine contractions
UCD
usual childhood diseases
UCG
urinary chorionic gonadotropin; uterine chorionic gonadotropin
UCR
unconditioned reflex
UE
upper extremity
UFR
uroflowmeter; uroflowmetry
UG
upper gastrointestinal; urogenital
UGI
upper gastrointestinal
UK
unknown
UL
upper lobe
ULQ
upper left quadrant
umb
umbilicus
UN
urea nitrogen
ung
ointment
UOQ
upper outer quadrant
UPP
urethral pressure profile
UR
upper respiratory
ur
urine
URD
upper respiratory disease
URI
upper respiratory infection
urol
urology
URQ
upper right quadrant
URT
upper respiratory tract
US
ultrasonic; ultrasonography
USP
United States pharmacopeia
UTI
urinary tract infection
UV
ultraviolet
UVJ
ureterovesical junction
V
ventral; visual acuity
VA
vacuum aspiration; visual acuity
vag
vaginal
VAS
vasectomy
VB
viable birth
VBAC
vaginal birth after cesarean
VBP
ventricular premature beat
VC
acuity of color vision; vena cava; vital capacity
VCUG
voiding cystourethrogram
VD
venereal disease
VDG
venereal disease, gonorrhea
VDH
valvular disease of heart
VDRL
Venereal Disease Research Laboratory
VDS
venereal disease, syphilis
VE
visual acuity
Vent, ventr
ventral
VEP
visual evoked potential
VER
visual evoked response
VF
ventricular fibrillation; visual field; vocal fremitus
V-fib
ventricular fibrillation
`VG
ventricular fibrillation
`VG
ventricular gallop
VH
vaginal hysterectomy
VHD
valvular heart disease; ventricular heart disease
VI
volume index
vit cap
vital capacity
VLDL
very-low-density lipoprotein
VP
venipuncture; venous pressure
V & P
vagotomy and pyloroplasty
VPC
ventricular premature contraction
VPRC
volume of packed red cells
VS, vs
vital signs
VSD
ventricular septal defect
VSZ
varicella
VTAs
vascular targeting agents
VV
varicose veins
VVF
vesicovaginal fistula
VZV
varicella-zoster virus (chicken pox)
W
water
WA
while awak
WB
weight-bearing; whole blood
WBC
white blood cell; white blood count
W/C, w/c
wheelchair
wd
wound
WD, w/d
well-developed
WDWN
well-developed, well nourished
wf
white female
w/n
well nourished
WNL
within normal limits
w/o
without
WR, W.r.
Wassermann reaction
wt
weight
w/v
weight by volume
X
xerophthalmia
x
multiplied by; times
XDP
xeroderma pigmentosum
XM
cross-match
XR
x-ray
XT
exotropia
XU
excretory urogram
y/o
year(s) old
YOB
year of birth
yr
year
Z
atomic number; no effect; zero
zyg
zygote