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►MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY STATES > Chapter 14 The Reproductive Systems Medical Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 14 The Reproductive Systems Medical Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

the interruption or termination of pregnancy before the fetus is viable

A

abortion

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2
Q

a disorder in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall before the birth of the fetus

A

abruptio placentae (placental abruption)

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3
Q

the abnormal absence of menstrual periods for three months or more

A

amenorrhea

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4
Q

a surgical puncture to remove amniotic fluid to evaluate fetal health and to diagnose certain congenital disorders

A

amniocentesis

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5
Q

marked by the decrease of the male hormone testosterone, gradually beginning in the later 40s and progressing very gradually over several decades

A

andropause (ADAM (Androgen Decline in the Aging Male))

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6
Q

the absence of ovulation when it would normally be expected

A

anovulation

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7
Q

an evaluation of a newborn infant’s physical status

A

Apgar score

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8
Q

a technique in which sperm from a woman’s partner or donor are introduced into the vagina or uterus during the ovulatory phase of her menstrual cycle

A

artificial insemination (AI)

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9
Q

techniques used to aid an infertile couple in achieving a viable pregnancy

A

assisted reproductive technology

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10
Q

a condition in women in which there is an abnormal growth of certain bacteria in the vagina

A

bacterial vaginosis

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11
Q

inflammation of the glans penis

A

balanitis

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12
Q

intermittent painless uterine contractions that are not true labor pains

A

Braxton Hick’s contractions

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13
Q

mammoplasty performed to increase breast size

A

breast augmentation

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14
Q

a carcinoma that develops from the cells of the breast and can spread to adjacent lymph nodes and other body sites

A

breast cancer

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15
Q

mammoplasty performed to decrease and reshape excessively large, heavy breasts

A

breast reduction

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16
Q

a self-care procedure for the early detection of breast cancer

A

breast self-examination

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17
Q

a birth complication in which the buttocks of feet of the fetus are positioned to enter the birth canal instead of the head

A

breech presentation

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18
Q

surgical removal or destruction of both testicles

A

castration (bilateral orchidectomy)

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19
Q

cancer that develops in the cervix

A

cervical cancer

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20
Q

the presence of precancerous changes in the cells that make up the inner lining of the cervix

A

cervical dysplasia

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21
Q

inflammation of the cervix

A

cervicitis

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22
Q

the delivery of the child through an incision in the maternal abdominal and uterine walls

A

cesarean section (C-section)

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23
Q

a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis

A

chlamydia

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24
Q

examination of cells retrieved from the chorionic villi between the 8th and 10th weeks of pregnancy

A

chorionic villus sampling

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25
Q

surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis

A

circumcision

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26
Q

surgical fixation of the vagina to a surrounding structure

A

colpopexy (vaginofixation)

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27
Q

surgical suturing of a tear in the vagina

A

colporrhaphy

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28
Q

tearing or laceration of the vaginal walls

A

colporrhexis

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29
Q

direct visual examination of the tissue of the cervix and vagina

A

colposcopy

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30
Q

surgical removal of a cone-shaped section of tissue from the cervix

A

conization (cone biopsy)

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31
Q

a measure taken or a device used to lessen the likelihood of pregnancy

A

contraceptive

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32
Q

a developmental defect in which one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum

A

cryptorchidism (undescended testicle)

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33
Q

a surgical procedure in which the cervix is dilated and the endometrium of the uterus is scraped away

A

dilation and curettage (D&C)

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34
Q

a condition characterized by abnormal bleeding in the uterus

A

dysfunctional uterine bleeding

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35
Q

pain caused by uterine cramps during a menstrual period

A

dysmenorrhea

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36
Q

pain during sexual intercourse

A

dyspareunia

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37
Q

during pregnancy, a more serious form of preeclampsia characterized by convuslions and sometimes coma

A

eclampsia

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38
Q

the condition in which a fertilized egg is implanted and begins to develop outside of the uterus

A

ectopic pregnancy (extrauterine pregnancy)

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39
Q

inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the cervix

A

endocervicitis

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40
Q

a diagnostic test in which a small amount of the tissue lining the uterus is removed for microscopic examination

A

endometrial biopsy

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41
Q

a cancerous growth that begins in the lining of the uterus

A

endometrial cancer

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42
Q

a condition in which patches of endometrial tissue escape the uterus and become attached to other structures in the pelvic cavity

A

endometriosis

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43
Q

a diagnostic test utilizing ultrasound to image the uterus and fallopian tubes to determine the cause of abnormal vaginal bleeding

A

endovaginal ultrasound

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44
Q

inflammation of the epididymis

A

epididymitis

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45
Q

surgical suturing to repair an episiotomy

A

episiorrhaphy

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46
Q

surgical incision made into the perineum to enlarge the vaginal orifice to prevent tearing of tissues as the infant moves out of the birth canal

A

episiotomy

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47
Q

the inability of the male to achieve or maintain a penile erection

A

erectile dysfunction (impotence)

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48
Q

the use of an electric device to record the fetal heart rate and maternal uterine contractions during labor

A

fetal monitoring

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49
Q

a noninvasive procedure used to image and evaluate fetal development during pregnancy

A

fetal ultrasound

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50
Q

round, rubbery, firm mass that arises from excess growth of glandular and connective tissue in the breast

A

fibroadenoma

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51
Q

the presence of single or multiple benign cysts in the breasts

A

fibrocystic breast disease

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52
Q

performed between 11 and 13 weeks of pregnancy and involves an ultrasound and a finger-stick blood test

A

first trimester screening (combined screening)

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53
Q

the production of breast milk in women who are not breast feeding

A

galactorrhea

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54
Q

a sexually transmitted disease caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2

A

genital herpes

55
Q

a sexually transmitted disease caused by the human papillomavirus

A

genital warts

56
Q

the form of diabetes that occurs during some pregnancies

A

gestational diabetes mellitus

57
Q

a highly contagious sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

gonorrhea

58
Q

the presence of blood in the seminal fluid

A

hematospermia

59
Q

the use of the female hormones estrogen and progestin to replace those the body no longer produces during and after perimenopause

A

hormone replacement therapy

60
Q

a bloodborne pathogen that damages or kills the T cells of the immune system, causing it to progressively fail

A

human immunodeficiency virus

61
Q

a virus that causes genital warts and cervical cancer

A

human papillomavirus

62
Q

a fluid-filled sac in the scrotum along the spermatic cord leading from the testicles

A

hydrocele

63
Q

an excessive amount of menstrual flow over a period of more than seven days

A

hypermenorrhea (menorrhagia)

64
Q

an unusually small amount of menstrual flow during a shortened regular menstrual period

A

hypomenorrhea

65
Q

the surgical removal of the uterus

A

hysterectomy

66
Q

a radiographic examination of the uterus and the fallopian tubes

A

hysterosalpinography

67
Q

the direct visual examination of the interior of the uterus and fallopian tubes

A

hysteroscopy

68
Q

a procedure in which mature ova are removed from the mother to be fertilized

A

in vitro fertilization

69
Q

an apparatus for maintaining a controlled environment for a premature or ill newborn

A

incubator

70
Q

a molded plastic contraceptive inserted through the cervix into the uterus to prevent pregnancy

A

intrauterine device

71
Q

a profuse whitish mucus discharge from the uterus and vagina

A

leukorrhea

72
Q

a cosmetic operation on the breasts

A

mammoplasty (mammaplasty)

73
Q

pain in the breast

A

mastalgia (mastodynia)

74
Q

a breast infection that is caused by bacteria that enter the breast tissue, most frequently during breastfeeding

A

mastitis

75
Q

surgery to affix sagging breasts in a more elevated position

A

mastopexy

76
Q

excessive uterine bleeding occurring both during the menses and at other irregular intervals

A

menometrorrhagia (intermenstrual bleeding)

77
Q

an abnormal discharge, such as mucus or pus, from the uterus

A

metrorrhea

78
Q

the surgical removal of uterine fibroids

A

myomectomy

79
Q

20 to 120 million or more sperm per ml of semen

A

normal sperm count

80
Q

light or infrequent menstruation in woman with previously normal periods

A

oligomenorrhea

81
Q

a sperm count of below 20million/mL

A

oligospermia (low sperm count)

82
Q

the surgical removal of one or both ovaries

A

oophorectomy (ovariectomy)

83
Q

inflammation of an ovary

A

oophoritis

84
Q

the surgical removal of one or both testicles

A

orchidectomy (orchiectomy)

85
Q

the repair of an undescended testicle

A

orchiopexy

86
Q

cancer that begins within the cells of the ovaries

A

ovarian cancer

87
Q

the rupture of an ovary

A

ovariorrhexis

88
Q

an exfoliative biopsy of the cervix

A

Pap smear

89
Q

any inflammatory inflammation of the female reproductive organs not associated with surgery or pregnancy

A

pelvic inflammatory disease

90
Q

a radiographic study to measure the dimensions of the pelvis to determine its capacity to allow passage of the fetus through the birth canal

A

pelvimetry

91
Q

a form of sexual dysfunction in which the penis is bent or curved during erection

A

Peyronie’s disease (penile curvature)

92
Q

narrowing of the opening of the foreskin so that it cannot be retracted to expose the glans penis

A

phimosis

93
Q

abnormal implantation of the placenta in the lower portion of the uterus

A

placenta previa

94
Q

condition caused by a hormonal imbalance in which the ovaries are enlarged by the presence of many cysts formed by incompletely developed follicles

A

polycystic ovarian syndrome

95
Q

abnormally frequent menstruation

A

polymenorrhea

96
Q

a complication of pregnancy characterized by hypertension, edema, and proteinuria

A

preeclampsia (pregnancy-induced hypertension or toxemia)

97
Q

a diagnostic test to is determine if a woman is pregnant. detects an unusually high amount of the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) hormone

A

pregnancy test

98
Q

a condition in which the male reaches climax too soon, usually before or shortly after penetration

A

premature ejaculation

99
Q

a neonate born before the 37th week of gestation

A

premature infant (preemie)

100
Q

a condition in which the ovaries cease to function before age 40

A

premature menopause

101
Q

a condition associated with severe emotional and physical problems linked to the menstrual cycle

A

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

102
Q

a condition associated with severe emotional and physical problems linked to the menstrual cycle

A

premenstrual syndrome

103
Q

a painful erection that lasts four hours or more, but is not accompanied by sexual excitement

A

priapism

104
Q

severe itching of the external female genitalia

A

pruritus vulvae

105
Q

an accumulation of pus in the fallopian tubes

A

pyosalpinx

106
Q

the surgical removal of the ovaries and Fallopian tubes, the uterus and cervix, plus nearby lymph nodes

A

radical hysterectomy (bilateral hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy)

107
Q

surgical removal of one or both fallopian tubes

A

salpingectomy

108
Q

inflammation of a fallopian tube

A

salpingitis

109
Q

the surgical removal of a fallopian tube and ovary

A

salpingo-oophorectomy

110
Q

infections caused by either a bacteria or a virus transmitted through sexual intercourse or other genital contact

A

sexual transmitted disease (venereal disease)

111
Q

any procedure rendering an individual (male or female) incapable of reproducing

A

sterilization

112
Q

a cyst that develops in the epididymis and is filled with a milky fluid containing sperm

A

spermatocele

113
Q

is the testing of freshly ejaculated semen to determine the volume plus the number, shape, size, and motility of the sperm

A

sperm count (sperm analysis)

114
Q

the birth of a fetus that died before or during delivery

A

stillbirth

115
Q

a sexually transmitted disease that is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum

A

syphilis

116
Q

cancer that begins in the testicles

A

testicular cancer

117
Q

a self-help step in early detect of testicular cancer by detecting lumps, swelling, or changes in the skin of the scrotum

A

testicular self-examination

118
Q

a sharp pain in the scrotum caused by twisting of the vas deferens and blood vessels leading into the testicle

A

testicular torsion

119
Q

inflammation of one or both testicles

A

testitis (orchitis)

120
Q

the removal of the uterus and cervix, either through the vagina or laparoscopically through the abdomen

A

total hysterectomy (complete hysterectomy)

121
Q

a sexually transmitted infection caused by the parasite trichomonas vaginalis

A

trichomoniasis (trich)

122
Q

a surgical procedure performed for the purpose of female sterilization

A

tubal ligation

123
Q

a benign tumor composed of muscle and fibrous tissue that occurs in the wall of the uterus

A

uterine fibroid (myoma)

124
Q

the condition in which the uterus slides from its normal position in the pelvic cavity and sags into the vagina

A

uterine prolapse (pelvic floor hernia)

125
Q

a vaginal infection caused by candida albicans

A

vaginal candidiasis (yeast infection)

126
Q

inflammation of the lining of the vagina

A

vaginitis (colpitis)

127
Q

a knot of varicose veins in one side of the scrotum

A

varicocele

128
Q

the removal of a portion of an enlarged vein to relieve a varicocele

A

varicocelectomy

129
Q

the male sterilization procedure in which a small portion of the vas deferens is surgically removed

A

vasectomy

130
Q

a procedure performed as an attempt to restore fertility to a vasectomized male

A

vasovasostomy (vasectomy reversal)

131
Q

an abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina

A

vesicovaginal fistula

132
Q

inflammation of the vulva

A

vulvitis

133
Q

a painful syndrome of unknown cause characterized by chronic burning, pain during sexual intercourse, itching, or stinging irritation of the vulva

A

vulvodynia

►MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY STATES (65 decks)

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