Chapter 8 Pathology Flashcards
Infection and inflammation of bronchial airways
Acute bronchitis
Acute, life-threatening condition of lung injury that develops secondary to other lung trauma or disorder
ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome
Inflammation of the nasal membranes, caused by allergies
Allergic rhinitis
Respiratory disease caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of asbestos fibers
Asbestosis
Disease marked by episodic narrowing in inflammation of the airways, resulting in wheezing, SOB, and cough
Asthma
Partial collapse of the alveoli and tiny airways of the lung
Atelectasis
A skill often taught in the first aid courses that helps restore a victim’s breathing and circulation
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR
Group of diseases in which alveolar air sacs are destroyed, and chronic, severe SOB results
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD
Respiratory disease caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of coal dust; often called black lung or anthracosis
Coal workers pneumoconiosis
Acute inflammation of the nasal mucosa; the common cold
Coryza
Abnormally crackly lung sound- like the sound of Rice Krispies- Heard with a stethoscope, caused by air passing over retained secretions or by the sudden opening of collapsed airways
Crackles
acute viral disease, usually in children, marked by a barking, seal like cough and respiratory distress
Croup
Fatal genetic disease that causes frequent respiratory infections, increased airway secretions, and COPD in children
Cystic fibrosis
Condition in which the nasal septum is displaced to the side, causing to nares to be unequal
Deviated septum
Disorder marked by abnormal increase in the size of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchial and destruction of the alveolar walls, resulting in loss of normal elasticity and it progressive dyspnea
Emphysema
Collection of infected fluid, or pus, between the two plural membranes that the line the lungs
Empyema
Episode of bleeding from the nose; commonly known as a nosebleed
Epistaxis
Coughing up blood from the respiratory tract
Hemoptysis
Condition in which blood or bloody fluid has collected within the intraplural space, causing lung compression and respiratory distress
Hemothorax
Systemic respiratory disease caused by histoplasma capsulatum, a fungus calm found in soil contaminated with bird droppings
Histoplasmosis
Chronic retention of CO2, causing symptoms of mental cloudiness in lethargy
Hypercapnia
Common, contagious, acute viral respiratory illness; commonly called the flu
Influenza
Condition of inflammation of the larynx, evidence to buy temporary poisonous or loss of the voice
Laryngitis
Bacterial lung infection caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila
Legionellosis
Rounded tissue growths on the nasal or sinal mucosa
Nasal polyps
Dysfunctional breathing that occurs when the upper airway is intermittently blocked during sleep
Obstructive sleep apnea OSA
Labored breathing that occurs when lying flat and improves when sitting up
Orthopnea
Inflammation of the pharynx; commonly called sore throat
Pharyngitis
Excess collection of fluid in the intraplural space
Pleural effusion
Condition in which the pleurae become inflamed, causing sharp inspiratory chest pain; also called pleuritis
Pleurisy
Any disease of the respiratory tract caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of dust particles
Pneumoconiosis
Bacterial or viral infection of the lungs
Pneumonia
Condition in which air collects in the interplural space; categorized as open, closed, spontaneous, or tension and commonly called collapsed lung
Pneumothorax
Sudden obstruction of a pulmonary blood vessel by debris, blood clots or other matter
Pulmonary embolism PE
Contagious infection caused by the Mycobacterium ____________ organism, primarily affecting the lungs but sometimes also spreading to and affecting other organ systems
Pulmonary tuberculosis TB
Coarse, gurgling sound heard in the lungs with a stethoscope, caused by secretions in the air passages
Rhonchi
Respiratory disease caused by chronic or repetitive inhalation of silica dust
Silicosis
Inflammation of the lining of the sinus cavities
Sinusitis
High-pitched upper-airway sound heard without stethoscope, indicating airway obstruction; a medical emergency
Stridor
Infection and inflammation of upper airway structures, usually caused by a virus semicolon often called the common cold
Upper Respiratory infection URI
Somewhat musical sound heard in the lungs, usually with a stethoscope, caused by partial airway obstruction such as with asthma
Wheeze
