Chapter 4 Terms

Question 1

thin outer layer that is constructed mostly of non-living, keratinized cells

Answer 1

epidermis

Question 2

base of the epidermis, where new living epidermal cells are produced

Answer 2

basement membrane

Question 3

just beneath the epidermis, thicker than the epidermis; made of fibrous connective tissue containing elastin, which provides elasticity, and collagen, which provides strength; good blood supply, contains hair follicles, nerves, sweat glands, oil glands, and sensory receptors

Answer 3

dermis

Question 4

contains fat tissue as well as deeper blood vessels, nerves, the lower part of hair follicle, elastin, and collagen; provides insulation for deeper structures

Answer 4

subcutaneous layer

Question 4

sweat glands; concentrated in areas such as soles of the feet and palms of the hands

Answer 4

sudoriferous glands

Question 4

found at the base of hair follicles all over the body; they secrete a substance

Answer 4

sebaceous glands

Question 4

substance secreted by glands to coat, moisturize, and protect skin

Answer 4

sebum

Question 5

major functions are protection and temperature regulation

Answer 5

skin

Question 6

a cut or tear in the flesh

Answer 6

laceration

Question 6

redness

Answer 6

erythema

Question 6

white blood cells

Answer 6

leukocytes

Question 7

swelling

Answer 7

edema

Question 7

an area where skin or mucous membranes are scraped away

Answer 7

abrasion

Question 8

pigment-producing skin cells

Answer 8

melanocytes

Question 9

pigment that gives skin its color

Answer 9

melanin

Question 10

an action that is performed as a response to a stimulus and without conscious thought

Answer 10

reflex

Question 11

the part of a hair projecting beyond the surface of the skin

Answer 11

hair shaft

Question 12

regulates hair growth, found in the epidermis and dermis

Answer 12

hair follicle

Question 13

a layer of epithelial tissue; underlies the fingernail or toenail

Answer 13

nail bed

Question 14

where new growth occurs; area at the base of the nail

Answer 14

lunula

Question 15

removal of a tissue sample for microscopic examination

Answer 15

biopsy

Question 16

removal of small scars, nevi (moles), tattoos, or fine wrinkles with a wire brush or burr impregnated with diamond particles, leaving a smoother surface

Answer 16

dermabrasion

Question 17

removal of small scars, nevi (moles), tattoos, or fine wrinkles with a dermatome (a device resembling an electric razor), leaving a smoother surface

Answer 17

dermaplaning

Question 18

like dermabrasion but less invasive, involving multiple treatments of gentle abrasion; useful in reducing fine lines, nevi (moles), age spots, and acne scars

Answer 18

microdermabrasion

Question 19

application of a chemical solution to the skin to improve appearance by removing blemishes, fine wrinkles, uneven pigmentation, scars, and tattoos

Answer 19

chemical peel

Question 20

use of short pulses of light to remove fine lines and damaged skin and to minimize scars and even out areas of uneven pigmentation

Answer 20

laser resurfacing (laser peel)

Question 21

an injection into selected muscles of the face that interferes with muscle contraction, thereby reducing the appearance of wrinkles

Answer 21

botox (botulinum toxin)

Question 22

active growth phase; 3-5 years (the longer this phase is in certain people, the longer your hair has the potential to grow)

Answer 22

anagen

Question 23

resting phase; 3-4 months

Answer 23

telogen

Question 24

regression of the hair follicle phase, cell division stops; 2-3 weeks

Answer 24

catagen

Question 25

active shedding of hair phase; 2-4 months

Answer 25

exogen