Chapter 4 Terms Flashcards
thin outer layer that is constructed mostly of non-living, keratinized cells
epidermis
base of the epidermis, where new living epidermal cells are produced
basement membrane
just beneath the epidermis, thicker than the epidermis; made of fibrous connective tissue containing elastin, which provides elasticity, and collagen, which provides strength; good blood supply, contains hair follicles, nerves, sweat glands, oil glands, and sensory receptors
dermis
contains fat tissue as well as deeper blood vessels, nerves, the lower part of hair follicle, elastin, and collagen; provides insulation for deeper structures
subcutaneous layer
sweat glands; concentrated in areas such as soles of the feet and palms of the hands
sudoriferous glands
found at the base of hair follicles all over the body; they secrete a substance
sebaceous glands
substance secreted by glands to coat, moisturize, and protect skin
sebum
major functions are protection and temperature regulation
skin
a cut or tear in the flesh
laceration
redness
erythema
white blood cells
leukocytes
swelling
edema
an area where skin or mucous membranes are scraped away
abrasion
pigment-producing skin cells
melanocytes
pigment that gives skin its color
melanin
an action that is performed as a response to a stimulus and without conscious thought
reflex
the part of a hair projecting beyond the surface of the skin
hair shaft
regulates hair growth, found in the epidermis and dermis
hair follicle
a layer of epithelial tissue; underlies the fingernail or toenail
nail bed
where new growth occurs; area at the base of the nail
lunula
removal of a tissue sample for microscopic examination
biopsy
removal of small scars, nevi (moles), tattoos, or fine wrinkles with a wire brush or burr impregnated with diamond particles, leaving a smoother surface
dermabrasion
removal of small scars, nevi (moles), tattoos, or fine wrinkles with a dermatome (a device resembling an electric razor), leaving a smoother surface
dermaplaning
like dermabrasion but less invasive, involving multiple treatments of gentle abrasion; useful in reducing fine lines, nevi (moles), age spots, and acne scars
microdermabrasion
application of a chemical solution to the skin to improve appearance by removing blemishes, fine wrinkles, uneven pigmentation, scars, and tattoos
chemical peel
use of short pulses of light to remove fine lines and damaged skin and to minimize scars and even out areas of uneven pigmentation
laser resurfacing (laser peel)
an injection into selected muscles of the face that interferes with muscle contraction, thereby reducing the appearance of wrinkles
botox (botulinum toxin)
active growth phase; 3-5 years (the longer this phase is in certain people, the longer your hair has the potential to grow)
anagen
resting phase; 3-4 months
telogen
regression of the hair follicle phase, cell division stops; 2-3 weeks
catagen
active shedding of hair phase; 2-4 months
exogen
