Chapter 14 definitions

Question 1

Eyeball consists of three layers in order from out to in

Answer 1

sclera, choroid, retina

Question 2

sclera

Answer 2

white color, provides strength, structure and shape

Question 3

cornea

Answer 3

transparent, allows light in

Question 4

conjunctiva

Answer 4

thin mucous membrane covering the outer surface of the eye and lines the eyelids

Question 5

choroid

Answer 5

dark blue vascular layer that supplies blood to the

Question 6

optic nerve

Answer 6

attached to the retina, extends to the brain

Question 7

iris

Answer 7

circular structure that gives eyes color

Question 8

pupil

Answer 8

lets light in like a window

Question 9

ciliary body

Answer 9

includes ____ muscles, these help lens change shape enabling us to focus (process called accomodation)

Question 10

lens

Answer 10

clear firm transparent disk

Question 11

retina

Answer 11

reception of visual impulses through the lens and the transmission of these impulses to the brain

Question 12

Rods

Answer 12

Black and white

Question 13

cones

Answer 13

color

Question 14

optic nerve

Answer 14

gathers visual stimuli from the ganglion neurons and transmits this information to the brain for interpretation

Question 15

aqueous humor

Answer 15

found in the posterior and anterior chambers. Nourishment for the lens and cornea (drains through a small opening called the Schlemm’s canal.)

Question 16

vitreous humor

Answer 16

in addition to aqueous humor, the posterior chamber also contains this. A jellylike substance that fills the posterior chamber and gives shape to the eye

Question 17

lacrimal glands

Answer 17

bathe, moisten, and lubricate the eye (tears contain a bacteria killing enzyme and wash away foreign debris

Question 18

ear

Answer 18

responsible for hearing, balance, and equilibrium (composed of external, middle, and internal ear

Question 19

external ear

Answer 19

composed of the auricle or pinna, which is the outer structure, collects sound waves and channels them into the external auditory canal.

Question 20

external auditory canal

Answer 20

slender tube that leads to the middle ear. lined with modified sweat glands that secrete cerumen that traps tiny foreign particles

Question 21

Tympanic membrane

Answer 21

inner end of the auditory canal, thin flat, irregularly shaped membrane called the eardrum

Question 22

eustachian tube

Answer 22

connects the middle ear to the throat? Popping ears

Question 23

Ossicles

Answer 23

includes malleus, incus, and stapes. TM vibrates these and causes them to move which sends vibrations to the inner ear

Question 24

inner ear

Answer 24

labyrinth

Question 25

cochlea

Answer 25

tiny, circular, snail shaped structure filled with fluid called perilymph

Question 26

organ of corti

Answer 26

contains nerve endings called hair cells that transmit impulses to the auditory nerve

Question 27

semicircular canals

Answer 27

located behind the ossicles and two windows, contain perilymph and endolymph. Together with the cochlea, these structures make up the vestibular system

Question 28

Static vs dynamic equilibrium

Answer 28

a sense of balance when we are at rest vs in motion