Chapter 6 Definitions

Question 1

the area slightly to the left of your chest where your heart sits

Answer 1

mediastinum

Question 2

three layers of the heart from the outside in

Answer 2

Epicardium, outside lining
Myocardium, middle muscular layer
Endocardium, inner lining

Question 3

Fibrous lining that encloses the heart and contains fluid

Answer 3

Pericardium

Question 4

Contained in the pericardium, acts as a lubricant that reduces friction as the heart contracts and relaxes

Answer 4

Pericardial fluid

Question 5

Upper chambers of the heart, perform 30% of the work

Answer 5

Atria

Question 6

Lower chambers of the heart, 70% of the work

Answer 6

Ventricles

Question 7

Largest and most muscular chamber because it pumps blood

Answer 7

Left ventricle

Question 8

What divides the heart into left and right sides?

Answer 8

Septum

Question 9

Separates right atrium from right ventricle, carries deoxygenated blood

Answer 9

Tricuspid valve

Question 10

Separates left atrium from left ventricle, carries oxygenated blood

Answer 10

mitral or bicuspid valve

Question 11

separates right ventricle from pulmonary arteries, contains deoxygenated blood

Answer 11

Pulmonary valve

Question 12

Separates the left ventricle from the aorta, carries oxygenated blood

Answer 12

Aortic valve

Question 13

Largest part of the heart, lower left area, best for auscultating, where the apical pulse is best heard

Answer 13

Apex

Question 14

Listening to

Answer 14

Auscultating

Question 15

Felt over the left side of the heart, on the apex, listening to it is the best method of heart rate

Answer 15

apical pulse

Question 16

Only arteries that carry deoxygenated blood

Answer 16

Pulmonary arteries

Question 17

Blood returns to the heart via:

Answer 17

Inferior and superior vena cava

Question 18

Only veins that carry oxygenated blood

Answer 18

Pulmonary veins

Question 19

Oxygen rich, away from heart

Answer 19

Arteries

Question 20

Oxygen poor, to heart

Answer 20

Veins

Question 21

Small arteries

Answer 21

Arterioles

Question 22

Small veins

Answer 22

Venules

Question 23

Smallest vessels, one cell thick

Answer 23

Capillaries

Question 24

Contain one way valves that facilitate circulation by preventing backflow of blood

Answer 24

Veins

Question 25

Fatty, plaque like substance is composed of

Answer 25

Cholesterol

Question 26

Blocked

Answer 26

Occluded

Question 27

Pacemaker, cluster of specialized cells in the right atrium, initiates an electrical impulse resulting in depolarization of the heart

Answer 27

SA, or sinoatrial node

Question 28

Normal rhythm

Answer 28

Normal sinus rhythm

Question 29

Within the floor of the right atrium, a backup pacemaker. Receives the impulse from the SA node and transmits it downward to both ventricles via bundle of His (in the septum) and through the purkinje fibers throughout the ventricles

Answer 29

AV node, atrioventricular node

Question 30

Cardiac cycle

Answer 30

Look up and study

Question 31

upper number, Highest pressure exerted against artery walls during ventricular contraction, or systole

Answer 31

Systolic pressure

Question 32

Lower number, reflects the lowest pressure exerted against artery walls during diastole

Answer 32

Diastolic pressure

Question 33

Ventricular relaxation

Answer 33

Diastole

Question 34

Ventricular contraction

Answer 34

Systole

Question 35

Large arteries in the body that have a strong pulse and easily palpated

Answer 35

Pulse points, sometimes called pressure points