Chapter 5 Terms+tests & procedures

Question 1

meninges

Answer 1

3 membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord, provide a supportive structure for blood vessels on the brain, houses cerebral fluid that provides a cushion

Question 2

dermatomes

Answer 2

area of the skin associated with specific spinal nerve groups

Question 3

myotomes

Answer 3

groups of muscle associated with specific nerve roots

Question 4

referred pain

Answer 4

In injuries such as compression of a spinal nerve root, pain is felt along the associated dermatome rather than at the actual site of injury

Question 5

ANS

Answer 5

autonomic nervous system

Question 6

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 6

fight-or-flight response, prepares person for action; physical responses include increased HR, increased BP, increased glucose levels, bronchodilation, decreased intestinal peristalsis, eyes dilated

Question 7

parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 7

rest and digest response, recovers from fight or flight; physical responses include decreased HR, decreased BP, bronchoconstriction, increased intestinal peristalsis, eyes constricted

Question 8

cerebrum

Answer 8

makes up the largest portion of the brain, left and right hemispheres divided by a fissure

Question 9

corpus callosum

Answer 9

connects the two hemispheres of the cerebrum

Question 10

cortex

Answer 10

the surface of the cerebrum

Question 11

CNS

Answer 11

central nervous system

Question 12

glia (glial cells)

Answer 12

support cells that carry nutrients to neurons

Question 13

cerebellum

Answer 13

“little brain”, located inferior and posterior to the rest of the brain; about the size of the fist and shaped like a walnut, responsible for posture, balance, and coordination

Question 14

brainstem

Answer 14

sits anterior to the cerebellum and included the medulla oblongata and the pons; controls autonomic functions such as breathing

Question 15

cranium

Answer 15

the hard bones of the skull that enclose and protect the brain

Question 16

spinal cord

Answer 16

extends from the base of the brain down to the second lumbar vertebra and is surrounded and protected by the vertebral column

Question 17

sensory impulses

Answer 17

go to the brain from the rest of the body

Question 18

motor impulses

Answer 18

come from the brain and go to the rest of the body

Question 19

cerebrospinal fluid analysis (CSF analysis)

Answer 19

analysis of CSF for blood, bacteria, and other abnormalities

Question 20

computed tomography (CT)

Answer 20

study of the brain and spinal cord using radiology and computer analysis

Question 21

electroencephalography (EEG)

Answer 21

study of electrical activity of the brain

Question 22

electromyogram (EMG)

Answer 22

record of muscle activity from electrical stimulation

Question 23

lumbar puncture (LP)

Answer 23

puncture of subarachnoid layer at the fourth intervertebral space to obtain CSF for analysis

Question 24

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer 24

use of an electromagnetic field and radio waves to create visual images on a computer screen

Question 25

myelography

Answer 25

radiography of the spinalcord and associated nerves after intrathecal injection (into the spinal canal) of a contrast medium)