CHAPTER 34!!

Question 1

What is acute kidney injury ?

Answer 1

Rapid decrease in the renal function from days to weeks

Question 2

What can acute kidney injury be caused by?

Answer 2

• Not enough blood supply to the kidney from trauma, illness or surgery
  -Progressing renal disease

Question 3

What are signs and symptoms of acute kidney injury?

Answer 3

-Seizures and coma
-anorexia
-nausea
-vomiting
-fluid and electrolyte disorder
-Acid-base disorder develop

Question 4

What is pre-renal acute kidney injury?

Answer 4

Issue that happens before your kidney which can affect the way your kidney works

Question 5

What factors can cause pre renal acute kidney failure?

Answer 5

-Liver disease
-Volume depletion (dehydration, sepsis, diarrhea)
-cardiovascular disease (heart failure, caardiogenic shock)

Question 6

What are signs and symptoms of pre-renal acute kidney injury?

Answer 6

-Oliguria
-Weight gain
-Peripheral edema
-Uremia (urea in blood0

Question 7

What is Intrarenal acute kidney injury ?

Answer 7

When structures within the kidney are damaged
-blood vessels, glomeruli, tubules, interstituim

Question 8

What can intrarenal acute kidney failure be cause by?

Answer 8

-Acute tubular necrosis
-Acute glomerulonephritis
-Acute pyelonephritis
-nephrotoxins (drugs that harm kidneys)

Question 9

What the signs and symptoms of intrarenal acute kidney injury?

Answer 9

-Edema
-Proteinuria
-possibly rash

Question 10

What is acute tubular necrosis?

Answer 10

Damage to tubular and dysfunction resulting in renal ischemia

Question 11

What can cause acute tubular necrosis?

Answer 11

-HYPOTENSION
-NEPHROTOXIC DRUGS
-INTRATUBULAR OBSTRUCTION FROM HEMOGLOBINURIA
if hemoglobin rises too high, then hemoglobin begins to appear in urine
-Myoglobinuria
-Myeloma

Question 12

What are sigs and symptoms of Acute tubular necrosis ?

Answer 12

Usually asymptomatic

Question 13

What is post-renal

Answer 13

After your kidneys are done cleaning the blood and making urine, something is stopping the urine from leaving your body

Question 14

What can post renal be caused by?

Answer 14

-Hyperplasia of prostate(enlarge prostate
-Renal calculi ( Kidney stones)

Question 15

What are signs and symptoms of post renal ?

Answer 15

-Abdominal or groin pain
-Anuria
-Mass at flank or abdomen
-hematuria,pyruia,sediment

Question 16

What is chronic kidney disease?

Answer 16

• Permanent damage of renal function
  -Things don’t work well
  -symptoms develop slowly

Question 17

What are signs and symptoms of chronic kidney disease?

Answer 17

-Anorexia
-Naseau
-Cramps and muscle twitches
-Water retention
-nocturia
-Undernutrition
-etc

Question 18

What are stages of the progression of chronic renal failure

Answer 18

-Diminished renal
-Renal insufficiency
-Renal failure
-End stage renal failure(ERSD)

Question 19

What are signs and symptoms of chronic renal failure?

Answer 19

Kidney interacts with nearly every system in our body so you will have symptoms of most of the body

Accumulation of nitrogenous wastes
Alterations in water, electrolyte, and acid–base balance
Mineral and skeletal disorders
Anemia and coagulation disorders
Hypertension and alterations in cardiovascular function
Gastrointestinal disorders
Neurologic complications
Disorders of skin integrity
Immunologic disorders

Question 20

What is uremic frost?

Answer 20

Crystal uria the body is trying to get rid of

Question 21

What does kidney do for rbc?

Answer 21

Make rbc through erythopoetmia

Question 21

Why will amenia be a symptom of kidney failure?

Answer 21

Your kidney’s aren’t producing enough rbc

Question 22

What does coagulopathies have to do with kidney failure

Answer 22

There will be problems with clotting

Question 23

What do drugs have to do woth kidneys?

Answer 23

Drugs count as waste so kidneys should be able to clear it if it is healthy

Question 24

Chronic kidney disease in elderly

Answer 24

-As we age, kidney function decreases
-Greater incidence of cerebrovascular, cardiovascular, and skeletal system effects

Question 25

What is periotoneal dialysis ?

Answer 25

Putting liquid into your belly,fluid attracts toxins to it and then toxins flow out. Less complicated way to get rid of toxins

Question 26

What is hemodailysis?

Answer 26

• Hooking on to a machine that will extract blood
  blood will go through machine and machine will take out toxins and put it back into body
  starts with surgical implant, to merge venous and arterial blood

Complicated process that uses a machine