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Biology 2 > Chapter 33 Pt. B: Slides 57-103 > Flashcards

Chapter 33 Pt. B: Slides 57-103 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three lineages of Arthropods?

A

Chelicerates, Myriapods, and Pancrustaceans

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2
Q

Which lineage of Arthropods are named for their claw like feeding appendages

A

Chelicerates

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3
Q

Clawlike feeding appendages of Chelicerates

A

Chelicerae

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4
Q

Water scorpions

A

Eurypterids

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5
Q

The earliest member of the Chelicerates clade

A

Eurypterids

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6
Q

What are the only surviving groups of Chelicerates

A

Sea spiders and horseshoe crabs

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7
Q

AKA arachnids

A

Chelicerates

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8
Q

Spiders, scorpions, ticks and mites

A

Chelicerates

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9
Q

Arachnids have ____ paired appendages

A

6

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10
Q

What are the 6 paired appendages of arachnids?

A

Chelicerae, pedipalps, and 4 pairs of walking legs

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11
Q

In Arachnids, function in sensing, feeding, defense or preproduction

A

Pedipalps

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12
Q

In most __________, gas exchange is carried out by _________ __________, stacked plate like structures

A

Spiders; book lungs

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13
Q

Where do spiders produce their silk from?

A

Specialized abdominal glands

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14
Q

What are the 5 uses of spider’s silk?

A
  • Construction of web for capturing prey
  • Dropline for rapid escape
  • Covering for eggs
  • “Gift wrap” for male courtships offerings
  • Transport (“ballooning”)
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15
Q

This clade of Arthropods includes millipedes and centipedes

A

Myriapods

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16
Q

All living myriapods are

A

Terrestrial

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17
Q

Myriapods have a pair of __________ and ___ pairs of appendages modified as _________________

A

Antennae; 3; mouthparts

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18
Q

Millipedes have ____ pairs of legs per trunk segment

A

2

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19
Q

Eat decaying leaves and other plant matter

A

Millipedes

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20
Q

Are carnivores

A

Centipedes

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21
Q

Centipedes have ___ pair of legs per trunk segment

A

1

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22
Q

Have poison claws on the foremost trunk segment paralyze prey and aid in defense

A

Centipedes

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23
Q

Terrestrial insects are more closely related to ____________ than ___________

A

Crustaceans; myriapods

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24
Q

Together, __________ and ________________ form the clade Pantcrustacea

A

Insects; crustaceans

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25
Q

Crabs, lobsters, shrimp, and others

A

Crustaceans

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26
Q

Where do crustaceans live?

A

Marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats

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27
Q

Small ____________ exchange gases through the ________

A

Crustaceans; cuticle

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28
Q

Larger crustaceans have

A

Gills

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29
Q

In _____________, _______ waste diffuse through the cuticle

A

Crustaceans; nitrogenous

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30
Q

A pair of __________ regulates salt balance

A

Glands

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31
Q

Many crustaceans have highly specialized

A

Appendages

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32
Q

In Crustaceans, the anterior-most appendages form

A

2 pairs of antennae

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33
Q

In Crustaceans, appendages 3 or more pairs are modified as

A

Mouthparts

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34
Q

In Crustaceans, walking legs are located on the

A

Thorax

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35
Q

In Crustaceans, swimming appendages are located on the

A

Tail

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36
Q

Most Crustaceans have separate

A

Sexes

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37
Q

Most aquatic species of ____________ have 1 or more swimming larval stages

A

Crustaceans

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38
Q

One of the largest groups of Crustaceans that live in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine habitats

A

Isopods

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39
Q

Common terrestrial isopods that live under moist logs and leaves

A

Pill bugs

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40
Q

Are relatively large crustaceans including lobsters, crabs, crayfish, and shrimp

A

Decapods

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41
Q

__________’s cuticle is hardened by calcium carbonate

A

Decapod

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42
Q

Most are marine, but crayfish live in fresh water, and some tropical crabs live on land

A

Decapods

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43
Q

_______________ crustaceans are small and numerous

A

Planktonic

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44
Q

Of Planktonic crustaceans, ____________ are the most abundant animals

A

Copepods

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45
Q

Shrimp-like krill

A

Copepods

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46
Q

Larval stages of many larger crustaceans are

A

Planktonic

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47
Q

Are mostly sessile crustaceans with a cuticle hardened into a calcium carbonate shell

A

Barnacles

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48
Q

Most anchor to submerged surfaces such as rocks, boat hulls, or pilling

A

Barnacles

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49
Q

In barnacles, ___________ appendages extend from the shell to strain food from water

A

Feeding

50
Q

Clade ___________ includes insects and their relatives

A

Hexapoda

51
Q

Live in most terrestrial habitats and in fresh water, but are rare in marine habitats

A

Insects

52
Q

Have several complex internal organ systems

A

Insects

53
Q

Insect _________ are an extension of the _______, enabling flight without sacrificing a pair of walking legs

A

Wings; cuticle

54
Q

In insects, what improved the ability to evade predators, locate food and mates, and disperse to new habitats?

A

Flight

55
Q

Some insects undergo ____________ _____________ during their development

A

Incomplete metamorphosis

56
Q

In insects, the young (_________) resemble small, wingless adults

A

Nymphs

57
Q

Insects undergo a series of _______ as they grow

A

Molts

58
Q

Insects reach full size, acquire ________, and become ___________ mature with the final molt

A

Wings; sexually

59
Q

Other insects undergo _____________ ______________

A

Complete metamorphosis

60
Q

During _________ metamorphosis, insects have larval stages (called maggots, _____, or caterpillars) specialized for __________ and growing

A

Complete; grubs; eating

61
Q

In ____________ metamorphosis, larval stages look very different from the adult stage

A

Complete

62
Q

In _____________ metamorphosis, metamorphosis from larva to adult occurs during a pupal stage

A

Complete

63
Q

Most insects reproduce

A

Sexually

64
Q

Fertilization in insects is generally

A

Internal

65
Q

In insects, some species ________; in other females pick up a sperm packet deposited by the male

A

Copulate

66
Q

In insects, ______ are generally laid on a food source e

A

Eggs

67
Q

Two orders of wingless insects

A

Archaeognatha and Zygentoma

68
Q

Bristletails

A

Archaeognatha

69
Q

Are wingless insects found in moist, dark terrestrial habitats, such as leaf litter or under bark

A

Bristletails (Archaeognatha)

70
Q

Feed on algae, plant debris, and lichens

A

Bristletails (Archaeognatha)

71
Q

Silverfish

A

Zygentoma

72
Q

Small, wingless insects with a flattened body and reduced eyes

A

Silverfish (Zygentoma)

73
Q

The live in leaf litter, under bark, or infest buildings

A

Silverfish (Zygentoma)

74
Q

There are many orders of winged insects with _________ or _____________ metamorphosis

A

Complete; incomplete

75
Q

Coleopterans, dipterans, lepidopterans, and hymenopterans have ____________ metamorphosis

A

Complete

76
Q

Hemipterans and orthopterans have ____________ metamorphosis

A

Incomplete

77
Q

Coleopterans, dipterans, lepidopterans, hymenopterans, hemipterans, and orthopterans are

A

Winged insects

78
Q

Beetles

A

Coleoptera

79
Q

Most species-rich order of insects

A

Beetles

80
Q

Beetles have ____ pairs of wings, one thick and _____, the other ________________

A

2; stiff; membranous

81
Q

Beetles have armored ___________ and _____________ adapted for biting and chewing

A

Exoskeleton; mouthparts

82
Q

Dipterans have ____ pair of wings; the second pair form balancing organs called _________________

A

1; halteres

83
Q

In Diptera, ___________ are adapted for sucking, piercing, or lapping

A

Mouthparts

84
Q

_________ and ___________ are common dipterans

A

Flies; mosquitoes

85
Q

Are highly social insects including ants, bees, and wasps

A

Hymenoptera

86
Q

Hymenopterans have ____ pairs of ____________ wings, a mobile _______, and chewing or sucking ______________

A

2; membranous; head; mouthparts

87
Q

In Hymenoptera, ________ of many species have a posterior ________

A

Females; stinger

88
Q

Many build elaborate nests

A

Hymenoptera

89
Q

Include butterflies and moths

A

Lepidoptera

90
Q

Have a long ___________ is uncoiled to feed on nectar, or animal blood or tears

A

Lepidoptera; proboscis

91
Q

Include “true bugs” such as stink bugs, bed bugs, and assassin bugs

A

Hemiptera

92
Q

How many pairs of wings and what type of wings do Hemiptera have?

A

2 pairs; leathery and membranous

93
Q

They have piercing or sucking mouthparts

A

Hemiptera

94
Q

Mostly herbivorous insects including grasshoppers, crickets, and their relatives

A

Orthoptera

95
Q

Large hind legs are adapted for jumping

A

Orthoptera

96
Q

Many rub together body parts to make courtship sounds

A

Orthoptera

97
Q

Play roles such as predators, prey, parasites, and decomposers

A

Orthoptera

98
Q

Orthoptera, beneficial: __________, harmful: __________

A

Pollinators; pests

99
Q

_____________ and _________ are deuterostomes

A

Echinoderms; chordates

100
Q

This phylum includes sea stars and sea urchins

A

Echinoderms

101
Q

Vertebrates are members of phylum

A

Chordata

102
Q

What are the 2 developmental characteristics of Deuterostomes

A

Radial cleavage
Formation of the anus from the blastopore

103
Q

What are used to define deuterostomes

A

DNA similarities

104
Q

Are slow moving or sessile marine animals

A

Echinoderms

105
Q

They have a ______ and an ____________ of hard calcareous plates; most are prickly

A

Coelom; endoskeleton

106
Q

In Echinoderms, what function in locomotion and feeding?

A

Tube feet

107
Q

Have separate sexes and external fertilization

A

Echinoderms

108
Q

Most adult echinoderms appear to have _________ symmetry

A

Radial

109
Q

Echinoderm larvae have _______ symmetry.

A

Bilateral

110
Q

Living echinoderms are divided into 5 clades:

A

Asteroidea
Ophiuroidea
Echinoidea
Crinoidea
Holothuroidea

111
Q

This clade of Echinoderms is sea stars and daisies

A

Asteroidea

112
Q

Are used to pry open bivalves, which are digested externally

A

Tube feet

113
Q

This clade of Echinoderms are brittle stars

A

Ophiuroidea

114
Q

May have suspension feeders, predators, or scavengers

A

Ophiurodiea

115
Q

This clade of Echinoderms is sea urchins and sand dollars

A

Echionidea

116
Q

This clade of Echinoderms is sea lilies and feather stars

A

Crinoidea

117
Q

Both use their arms in suspension feeding

A

Crinoidea

118
Q

This clade of Echinoderms is sea cucumbers

A

Holothuroidea

119
Q

Lack spines and have reduced endoskeletons

A

Sea cucumbers

120
Q

Phylum Chordata includes vertebrates and what 2 groups of invertebrates

A

Lancelets
Tunicates

121
Q

Bilaterally symmetrical coelomates with segmented bodies

A

Chordates

Biology 2 (33 decks)

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