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Biology 2 > Chapter 31: Fungi Summary > Flashcards

Chapter 31: Fungi Summary Flashcards

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1
Q

Parasites with flagellated spores

A

Cryptomycetes

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2
Q

Parasitic cells that form resistant spores

A

Microsporidians

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3
Q

Flagellated spores

A

Chytrids

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4
Q

Resistant zygosporangium as a sexual stage

A

Zoopagomycetes

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5
Q

Include fungi that form arbuscular mycorrhizae with plants

A

Mucuromycetes

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6
Q

Sexual spores born internally in sacs (asci)

A

Ascospores

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7
Q

Contain Ascospores in asci; vast numbers of conidia produced

A

Ascomycetes

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8
Q

Asexual spores in Ascomycetes

A

Conidia

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9
Q

Elaborate fruiting body containing many basidia

A

Basidiocarp

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10
Q

Basidiocarp containg many basidia that produce basidiospores

A

Basidiomycetes

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11
Q

Fungal bodies form networks of tiny filaments called

A

Hyphae

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12
Q

A structural polymer that strengthens hyphae

A

Chitin

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13
Q

Hyphae are divided into cells by cross-walls called

A

Septa

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14
Q

Lack septa and have hundred or thousands of nuclei in a continuous cytoplasmic mass

A

Coenocytic fungi

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15
Q

Fungal hyphae form an interwoven mass called; that infiltrates the food source

A

Mycelium

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16
Q

Specialized hyphae that penetrate plant cell walls, but not the cell membrane

A

Arbuscules

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17
Q

Mutually beneficial relationships between fungi and plant roots; “fungus roots”

A

Mycorrhizae

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18
Q

Form sheaths of hyphae over the root surface and extend into the extra cellular spaces of the root cortex

A

Ectomycorrhizal fungi

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19
Q

Extend Arbuscules through the root cell wall and into tubes formed by invagination of the root cell plasma membrane

A

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

20
Q

Mycorrhizal fungi colonize soils by the dispersal of haploid cells called

A

Spores

21
Q

Sexual signaling molecules of fungi to communicate their mating type

A

Pheromones

22
Q

The union of the cytoplasm from two parent mycelia

A

Plasmogamy

23
Q

A mycelium that contains coexisting, genetically different nuclei called a

A

Heterokaryon

24
Q

The haploid nuclei pair off two to a cell; such a mycelium is said to be

A

Dikaryotic

25
Q

Process of nuclei fusion

A

Karyogamy

26
Q

Yeasts and filamentous fungi that have no known sexual stage form a group called

A

Deuteromycetes

27
Q

Clade includes fungi, animals, and their protistan relatives

A

Opisthokonts

28
Q

Closely related amoebas that feed on algae and bacteria

A

Nucleariids

29
Q

These two phyla form a sister group and are basal fungi lineage

A

Cryptomycetes and microsporidians

30
Q

Flagellated spores of chytrids

A

Zoospores

31
Q

This phylum live as parasites or commensal symbionts of animals or as parasites of other fungi or protists

A

Zoopagomycetes

32
Q

This phylum includes important decomposers

A

Mucoromycetes

33
Q

Fusion between different mating types (plasmogamy) produces a

A

Zygosporagium

34
Q

This phylum is often called sac fungi, named for their saclike asci

A

Ascomycetes

35
Q

Fruiting bodies of Ascomycetes

A

Ascocarps

36
Q

Ascocarps contain the spore-forming

A

Asci

37
Q

Conidia are produced at the tips of specialized hyphae called

A

Conidiophores

38
Q

The phylum including mushrooms, puffballs, and shelf fungi

A

Basidiomycetes

39
Q

A cell in which Karyogamy and meiosis occur in Basidiomycetes

A

Basidium

40
Q

A complex polymer abundant in wood

A

Lignin

41
Q

Best at decomposing lignin

A

Basidiomycetes

42
Q

Fungi that live inside leaves or other plant parts without causing harm

A

Endophytes

43
Q

Endophytes are

A

Ascomycetes

44
Q

Symbiotic associations between photosynthetic microorganisms and fungi

A

Lichens

45
Q

Small clusters of hyphae with embedded algae

A

Soredia

46
Q

Fungal infections in animals

A

Mycosis

Biology 2 (33 decks)

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