Biology Chapter 9 Test

Question 1

the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree celsius

Answer 1

calorie

Question 2

how do cells use energy

Answer 2

cells burn food (break bonds) and release energy as heat

Question 3

how do cells prefer to use energy

Answer 3

cells prefer to break bonds gradually and use the stored energy to produce other compounds like ATP

Question 4

in what type of cells does cellular respiration take place

Answer 4

eukaryotic cells

Question 5

What is the cellular respiration formula?

Answer 5

C6H12O6+6O2»»>6CO2+6H2O+energy(ATP)

Question 6

What are the stages of cellular respiration?

Answer 6

Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain

Question 7

Pathways that require oxygen (in air)

Answer 7

aerobic

Question 8

Where does glycolysis take place?

Answer 8

in the cytoplasm of the cell

Question 9

Where do organisms get the energy they need?

Answer 9

From food

Question 10

Where do Krebs and ETC take place?

Answer 10

Inside the mitchondria

Question 11

ENERGY: Photosynthesis; Cellular Respiration

Answer 11

Photo - Deposits
CR - WIthdraws

Question 12

CARBON DIOXIDE: Photosynthesis; Cellular Respiration

Answer 12

Photo - removes it from the atmosphere
CR - puts it back into the atmosphere

Question 13

OXYGEN: Photosynthesis; Cellular Respiration

Answer 13

Photo - releases it into the atmosphere
CR - takes it in from the atmosphere to release energy from food

Question 14

Glucose is transformed into pyruvic acid.

Answer 14

Glycolysis

Question 15

Gives a net gain of 2 ATP per molecule of glucose

Answer 15

ATP Production

Question 16

Four high energy electrons are passed to the electron carriers NAD+.

Answer 16

NADH Production

Question 17

What forms when 1 molecule of glucose, C6H12O6, bonds are broken?

Answer 17

pyruvic acid

Question 18

Products 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvic acid.

Answer 18

Advantages of Glycolysis

Question 19

Pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting steps. Oxygen must be present.

Answer 19

Krebs Cycle

Question 20

Uses of the products of the Krebs Cycle

Answer 20

CO2 is exhaled. The electrons in NADH, when in the presence of oxygen, generate huge amounts of ATP.

Question 21

Uses the high-energy electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle to convert ADP into ATP.

Answer 21

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Question 22

ELECTRON TRANSPORT: The electrons are passed down the chain transporting H+ ions across the membrane and creates a

Answer 22

negative (chemiosmosis) region

Question 23

Every time the electrons move, H+ ions move, thus ATP is created by

Answer 23

ATP synthase

Question 24

As each pair of electrons from NADH moves down the length of the ETC, ___ molecules of ATP are produced and ____ for FADH2.

Answer 24

3, 2

Question 25

Total ATP created per 1 glucose molecule in cellular respiration. ATP = ____% total energy in glyucose.

Answer 25

38

Question 26

Otherwise known as anaerobic respiration

Answer 26

fermentation

Question 27

________ is regenerated so glycolysis can continue.

Answer 27

NAD+

Question 28

What are the two forms of fermentation?

Answer 28

Alcoholic and Lactic Acid Fermentation

Question 29

What two things does alcoholic fermentation produce?

Answer 29

Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide

Question 30

What is lactic acid fermentation used for?

Answer 30

to create a sour taste in food ex.) cheese, yogurt, sour cream

Question 31

Quick energy uses what form of fermentation?

Answer 31

Lactic Acid

Question 32

Long term energy uses what?

Answer 32

Cellular Respiration