Anatomy & Physiology Vocab List Chapter 1

Question 1

Human anatomy & physiology

Answer 1

the study of the structures and functions of the human body

Question 2

Anatomical position

Answer 2

the position the body is to be in for scientific study; standing erect or lying flat, arms to the side with palms facing forward

Question 3

Homeostasis

Answer 3

having a stable/normal internal environment

Question 4

Effector

Answer 4

an organ or structure that cause responses that alter conditions in the internal environment

Question 5

Metabolism

Answer 5

the sum of all chemical reactions that take place in the body at a given time

Question 6

Vascular

Answer 6

having blood vessels within the tissue

Question 7

Avascular

Answer 7

not having blood vessels within the tissue

Question 8

Aerobic reactions

Answer 8

reactions that take place using oxygen

Question 9

Anaerobic reaction

Answer 9

reactions that take place without using oxygen

Question 10

-ase

Answer 10

suffix that refers to an enzyme

Question 11

-ose

Answer 11

suffix that refers to a sugar

Question 12

-itis

Answer 12

suffix that refers to inflammation

Question 13

-cyte

Answer 13

suffix that refers to cell

Question 14

Chondrocyte

Answer 14

Cartilage cell

Question 15

Osteocyte

Answer 15

Bone cell

Question 16

Adipocyte

Answer 16

Fat cell

Question 17

Erythrocyte

Answer 17

Red blood cell

Question 18

Leukocyte

Answer 18

White blood cell

Question 19

Thrombocyte

Answer 19

Platelet

Question 20

Organelles

Answer 20

Small structures inside a cell that carry out specific functions to keep the cell in homeostasis

Question 21

Cell

Answer 21

the most basic unit of structure and function of all organisms

Question 22

Tissue

Answer 22

a group of cells similar in structure and function

Question 23

Organ

Answer 23

structures within the body consisting of a group of tissues with a specialized function

Question 24

Sudoriferous gland

Answer 24

scientific name for sweat gland

Question 25

Sebaceous gland

Answer 25

scientific name for oil gland

Question 26

articulation (joint)

Answer 26

anywhere 2 or more bones come together usually allowing for movement (examples: elbow, knee)

Question 27

Hematopoiesis

Answer 27

the production of blood cells from dividing stem cells in red bone marrow

Question 28

Endocrine gland

Answer 28

a type of gland that secretes its substance directly into the blood stream

Question 29

Exocinre gland

Answer 29

a type of gland that secretes its substances through a duct to the surface of a structure or body