Anatomy & Physiology Vocab List Chapter 1 Flashcards
Human anatomy & physiology
the study of the structures and functions of the human body
Anatomical position
the position the body is to be in for scientific study; standing erect or lying flat, arms to the side with palms facing forward
Homeostasis
having a stable/normal internal environment
Effector
an organ or structure that cause responses that alter conditions in the internal environment
Metabolism
the sum of all chemical reactions that take place in the body at a given time
Vascular
having blood vessels within the tissue
Avascular
not having blood vessels within the tissue
Aerobic reactions
reactions that take place using oxygen
Anaerobic reaction
reactions that take place without using oxygen
-ase
suffix that refers to an enzyme
-ose
suffix that refers to a sugar
-itis
suffix that refers to inflammation
-cyte
suffix that refers to cell
Chondrocyte
Cartilage cell
Osteocyte
Bone cell
Adipocyte
Fat cell
Erythrocyte
Red blood cell
Leukocyte
White blood cell
Thrombocyte
Platelet
Organelles
Small structures inside a cell that carry out specific functions to keep the cell in homeostasis
Cell
the most basic unit of structure and function of all organisms
Tissue
a group of cells similar in structure and function
Organ
structures within the body consisting of a group of tissues with a specialized function
Sudoriferous gland
scientific name for sweat gland
Sebaceous gland
scientific name for oil gland
articulation (joint)
anywhere 2 or more bones come together usually allowing for movement (examples: elbow, knee)
Hematopoiesis
the production of blood cells from dividing stem cells in red bone marrow
Endocrine gland
a type of gland that secretes its substance directly into the blood stream
Exocinre gland
a type of gland that secretes its substances through a duct to the surface of a structure or body
