Antibody Structure Flashcards

1
Q

The hinge regions of the _____ chain are connected via ______.

A

heavy; disulfide bonds

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2
Q

The part of the antigen that specifically binds with the antibody is called the ________.

A

epitope

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3
Q

___ makes dimers.

A

IgA

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4
Q

IgM makes _______.

A

pentamers that are spoke-shaped

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5
Q

IgA is made up of __________.

A

10 polypeptides (four light chains, four heavy chains, one interweaving J chain, and the secretory component)

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6
Q

In electrophoresis, anodes are ______.

A

positive

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7
Q

Light chains have one _____ domain and one _____ domain, while heavy chains have one _______ and ______ constant domains.

A

variable; constant; variable; three to four

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8
Q

Which two immunoglobulins have J chains?

A

IgM and IgA

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9
Q

There are two kinds of light chains, _________.

A

kappa and lambda (the cell chooses only one, and even if it switches from IgA to IgM, the light remains the same type)

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10
Q

Most of the variation in the variable regions happens in three specific sites called ______.

A

complementarity-determining regions (CDRs)

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11
Q

Allotypes are __________.

A

allelic differences in immunoglobulins between individuals

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12
Q

Idiotypes are ________.

A

the combined variants (the region that recognizes epitopes)

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13
Q

What happens when an antibody binds its antigen?

A

The angle between the Fab and Fc regions changes, thus activating it in the allosteric effect.

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14
Q

What are the two main functions of activated antibody?

A

1) binding to phagocytic cells

2) activating C1q in the complement cascade

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