Anemia Due to Decreased RBC Production

Question 1

What are the two microcytic anemias?

Answer 1

Lead intoxication and chronic infection or malignancy (though the latter may be normocytic).

Question 2

What are the normocytic anemias?

Answer 2

Renal insufficiency and endocrine (though endocrine can be micro- or macrocytotic)

Question 3

Folate is absorbed in the _______.

Answer 3

jejunum

Question 4

______ is absorbed in the terminal ileum.

Answer 4

Vitamin B12

Question 5

B12 is stored in the _______.

Answer 5

liver

Question 6

In chronic infection or inflammation, IL-1 and TNF ______ and IFN-gamma _____.

Answer 6

diminish iron mobilization and EPO production; inhibits proliferation of erythrocyte precursors

Question 7

Why does renal insufficiency cause anemia?

Answer 7

because the kidneys produce EPO

Question 8

Lead inhibits the ________.

Answer 8

enzyme that synthesizes protoporphyrin ring

Question 9

Decreased reticulocyte counts are called ______.

Answer 9

reticulocytopenia

Question 10

Underproduction anemias can be _______.

Answer 10

normocytic and normochromic or microcytic and hypochromic

Question 11

Lead intoxication anemias are characterized by ________.

Answer 11

microcytosis and an increase in zinc protoporphyrin

Question 12

Renal-insufficiency anemias are not usually present until ________.

Answer 12

renal function goes below 40%

Question 13

Vitamin B12 must bind to _________ and is then absorbed in the ________.

Answer 13

intrinsic factor (produced by gastric parietal cells); terminal ileum (through TcII)

Question 14

Pernicious anemia is caused by ________.

Answer 14

auto-immune destruction of IF-producing gastric parietal cells

Question 15

Folate is absorbed by the ________ and stored in the ______.

Answer 15

jejunum; liver (as methyltetrahydrofolate)

Question 16

Neurological involvement is classic in ______.

Answer 16

B12 deficiency anemia

Question 17

Sideroblastic anemias are characterized by ________.

Answer 17

iron deposits in mitochondria, forming a blue ring around the nucleus

Question 18

Other than EPO deficiency, renal-insufficiency anemia is characterized by ________.

Answer 18

normocytic/normochromic cells with decreased retic count

Question 19

Folic acid and vitamin B12 are critical for _________.

Answer 19

synthesis of methionine from homocysteine

Question 20

Folate deficiency is ___________.

Answer 20

faster and more likely due to alcoholism or nutritional deficiency

Question 21

Vitamin B12 deficiency is _________.

Answer 21

slower and more likely due to malabsorption

Question 22

Nutritional deficiency results in _______.

Answer 22

macrocytic anemia