Anti-infectives (Anti-virals)

Question 1

Example(s) of drug (Anti-virals)

Answer 1

Aciclovir

Question 2

Mechanism of action (Anti-virals)

Answer 2

A guanosine derivative, converted to triphosphate by infected host cells.
Aciclovir triphosphate then inhibits DNA polymerase, terminating the nucleotide chain and inhibiting viral DNA replication.

Question 3

Indications (Anti-virals)

Answer 3

HSV.

VZV.

Question 4

Side effects (Anti-virals)

Answer 4

Nausea.
Vomiting.
Local inflammation at infusion site (IV only).

Question 5

Important pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (Anti-virals)

Answer 5

Can be given orally, intravenously or topically.
Penetrates well into the CSF with CSF concentrations being 50% concentration of that of plasma.
Excreted by the kidneys so dose adjustment is needed in renal impairment.

Question 6

Patient information (Anti-virals)

Answer 6

Multiple/repeat doses may be required in immunosuppressed patients.

Question 7

Other information (Anti-virals)

Answer 7

Type of infection/recurrent infection may prompt HIV testing.