A&P Skeletal System Review (from Sheet)

Question 1

List the four components of the skeletal system

Answer 1

Bones
Joints
Cartilages
Ligaments

Question 2

Living organs made up of many cells, protein fibers, and minerals

Answer 2

Bones

Question 3

Areas where two or more bones meet

Answer 3

Joints

Question 4

Connective tissue that protects joints and bones

Answer 4

Cartilages

Question 5

Attaches bone to bone

Answer 5

Ligaments

Question 6

List the three main regions of the axial skeleton

Answer 6

Vertebral Column
Bony Thorax
Skull

Question 7

List the types of vertebrae

Answer 7

Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar

Question 8

7, located in the neck, smallest and lightest

Answer 8

Cervical Vertebrae

Question 9

12, articulate with ribs, larger than cervical, 12 pairs of ribs attached

Answer 9

Thoracic

Question 10

5, much larger than others, support weight of upper body, lower back

Answer 10

Lumbar

Question 11

List the types of ribs

Answer 11

True
False
Floating

Question 12

Pairs 1-7, articulate anterior directly to the sternum by cartilage

Answer 12

True ribs

Question 13

Pairs 8-12, articulate indirectly or not at all

Answer 13

False Ribs

Question 14

Last 2 pair that do not connect at all

Answer 14

Floating Ribs

Question 15

List the four main regions of the appendicular skeleton

Answer 15

Pectoral (Shoulder) Girdle)
Upper Limbs
Pelvic (Hip) Girdle
Lower limbs

Question 16

Dense and looks smooth & homogeneous

Answer 16

Compact bone

Question 17

Composed of small pieces of bone and lots of open space

Answer 17

Spongy bone

Question 18

Composed of a matrix of hard mineral salts reinforced with tough collagen fibers

Answer 18

Microscopic anatomy of compact bone

Question 19

Bumps, holes, and ridges where muscles, tendons, and ligaments are attached. Blood vessels and nerves pass through

Answer 19

Bone markings

Question 20

List the three types of joints

Answer 20

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

Question 21

Connected by fibrous tissue; no movement

Answer 21

Fibrous joint

Question 22

Connected by cartilage; slightly movable

Answer 22

Cartilaginous joint

Question 23

Articulating bones separated by cavity filled with synovial fluid, allowing the most movement

Answer 23

Synovial joint

Question 24

An example of this joint would be the skull

Answer 24

Fibrous joint

Question 25

Examples of this joint would be pubic symphysis and vertebraes

Answer 25

Cartilaginous joint

Question 26

Examples of this joint would be the shoulder, elbow, and knee

Answer 26

Synovial joint

Question 27

Which synovial joint provides the most movement?

Answer 27

Ball and socket joints

Question 28

What type of joint is found in the elbow and knee?

Answer 28

Hinge joints

Question 29

List the five major functions of the skeletal system

Answer 29

Support Protection Movement Storage Hematopoiesis

Question 30

Provides internal framework that supports and anchors all soft organs

Answer 30

Support

Question 31

Some bones _______ soft body organs

Answer 31

Protection

Question 32

Tendons use the bones as levers to move body parts

Answer 32

Movement

Question 33

Fat _______ in yellow marrow, calcium and phosphorus in bone tissue

Answer 33

Storage

Question 34

Blood cell formation occurs in red marrow

Answer 34

Hematopoiesis

Question 35

The formation of bone and cartilage

Answer 35

Ossification

Question 36

Increase in length due to the epiphyseal plates

Answer 36

Longitudinal growth

Question 37

These are fully ossified by the end of adolescence

Answer 37

Epiphyseal plates

Question 38

Breaking down and reforming of bone that occurs throughout life to maintain proportion and strength as well as healthy calcium levels

Answer 38

Bone remodeling

Question 39

Weakening of the bone that occurs with aging

Answer 39

Osteoporosis

Question 40

A disease characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue

Answer 40

Osteoporosis

Question 41

Most common form of arthritis and is caused by mechanical wear & tear on the joint associated with getting older

Answer 41

Osteoarthritis

Question 42

Develops when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the joints and other structures of the body. It affects far fewer people but may occur at any age

Answer 42

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 43

A protruding disc of cartilage between the vertebrae. It can irritate nearby nerves and result in pain, numbness, or weakness in arm or leg

Answer 43

Herniated disc

Question 44

Sometimes called a slipped or ruptured ____

Answer 44

Herniated disc

Question 45

May occur as part of a degenerative ____ disease

Answer 45

Herniated disc