A&P paper review Flashcards
Dry, composed of keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium
Cutaneous Membrane
Lines body cavities open to the exterior, wet
Mucous Membrane
Lines body cavities closed to the exterior, wet
Serous Membrane
Why do serous membranes occur in pairs?
Pairing helps perform its function as the two moist layers make it easier for organs to move without friction
Lining the inside wall of the cavity
Parietal layer
Lining the outside of the organ
Visceral layer
Two layers of serous membrane
Parietal and Visceral
Membrane that lines the fibrous capsules surrounding joints, burase, and tendon sheaths, providing a smooth surface and secrete lubricating fluid
Synovial Membrane
True or False: The Visceral layer is deep to the Parietal layer
True
Avascular
20-50 layers thick
Stratified squamous epithelium in 5 zones
Rapid cell division occurs in lower layer
Cells die as they migrate towards the surface
Epidermis
Superficial layer
Dermal papille hold dermis and epidermis together
Capillary loops nourish epidermis
Pain and touch receptors
Papillary layer of the dermis
A protein that gives toughness and hydration to the skin
Collagen
A fibrous glycoprotein that provides elasticity
Elastin
Most common and widely distributed
Ducts lead to pores
Sweat reduce body temperature
Eccrine gland
Less numerous
Concentrated in axillary and genital areas
Ducts empty in hair follicles
Secretion contains fatty acids and proteins
Odor from bacteria
Functions during puberty
Apocrine gland
Two types of sudoriferous glands
Eccrine and Apocrine glands
Contain anti-bacterial substances and are skin & hair lubricant
Sebaceous glands
3 sensory organs
Pacinian Corpuscles
Meissner’s Corpuscles
Free Nerve Endings
Vibration, deep pressure
Pacinian Corpuscles
Light touch, indentation
Meissner’s Corpuscles
Thermoreceptors, nocioreceptors (pain)
Free Nerve Endings
Primary component of hair and nails
Keratinocytes
5 basic functions of the skin:
Protection from ________ ____________
___________ control
_________ (Prespiration)
Vitamin _ __________
Detection of _______
External environments
Temperature
Excretion
D prodution
Stimuli
Major components of sweat
Water
Some salts
Vitamin C
Metabolic Waste
What is involved in Metabolic Waste?
Urea
Uric acid
Ammonia
Lactic Acid
Only epidermis is damaged
Skin is red and swollen
1st degree burns
Epidermis and upper dermis are damaged
Skin is red with blisters
2nd degree burns
Destroys entire skin layer
Burn is gray-white or black
3rd degree burns
Most common
Least malignant
Arises from cells in stratum basale
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Second most common
May metastasize to lymph nodes
Abnormal growth
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Most deadly
Metastasizes rapidly tolymp and blood vessels
Cancer of melanocytes
Malignant Melanoma
Common skin problems caused by viruses and bacteria
Viruses: Warts and Cold Sores
Bacteria: Impetigo and Boils
Occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells. Bacteria is involved in some cases. May include pimples, whiteheads, and blackheads (all from clogged pores)
Acne
Age related changes that may occur in the Integumentary system:
Skin becomes ____ and ___
Loses __________
Less ____________ fat
Hair ____ occurs
Hair loses _____
Thin and Dry
Elasticity
Subcutaneous
Loss
Color
Epidermis layer diagram
Do it
Skin layer diagram
Do it