Unit 6 AP Biology Cards Terms Review Flashcards
DNA is the primary source of _________ ___________ and passes from one generation to the next
Heritable Information
List three differences between DNA and RNA
Sugars
Strands
Location
________ is the enzyme responsible for “unwinding” or “unzipping” strands of DNA during replication
Helicase
Short, discontinuous strands of DNA formed during synthesis of the lagging strand of DNA
Okazaki Fragments
Enzyme responsible for synthesizing new strands of DNA
DNA Polymerase
Every newly synthesized DNA double helix has one “old” strand and one “new” strand of DNA is known as
Semiconservative
Nucleotides are
Monomers
_____________ is taking the information in DNA and encoding (re-writing) it in mRNA
Transcription
_______ are removed by RNA Splicing and _____ are expressed
Introns; Exons
The _______ _____ says that DNA is transcribed, RNA is translated, and protein is synthesized
Central Dogma
Operons that are ON by default are called ____________
Repressibles
Genes in an operon are transcribed as a group and have one ________
Promoter
Lac operon allows bacteria to uptake and metabolize _______
Lactose
Mutations can be ________, ________, or _______
Positive, Negative, or Neutral
Operons that are OFF by default are called _________
Inducible
_________ are the primary source of genetic variation
Mutations
Whether a mutation is beneficial or deleterious (harmful) depends on _____________ _______
Environmental Context
_____________ _______ are proteins that help turn specific genes “on” or “off” by binding to nearby DNA
Transcription Factors
Sequences of three nucleotides that codes for an amino acid
Codon
Adding a ____ _ ____ or ___ ____ makes RNA molecule more stable, prevents degradation, and allows it to be exported from the nucleus to the ribosome
Poly A Tail or GTP cap
