Unit 3 Pre Review

Question 1

Energy available to do work

Answer 1

Gibbs Free Energy

Question 2

What is the formula for Gibbs Free Energy?

Answer 2

ΔG = ΔH -TΔS

Question 3

ΔG means

Answer 3

Change in Gibbs Free Energy

Question 4

ΔH means

Answer 4

Change in Enthaply or Heat

Question 5

T means

Answer 5

Temperature (K)

Question 6

ΔS

Answer 6

Change in Entropy (the chaos)

Question 7

What is the Delta Gibbs formula?

Answer 7

ΔG = ΔGf - ΔGi

Question 8

ΔGf means

Answer 8

Final Gibbs

Question 9

ΔGi means

Answer 9

Inital Gibbs

Question 10

Energy has to enter the system (has to be brought in)

Answer 10

Endergonic Reaction

Question 11

1. Start with low energy, then gaining energy
2. Not spontaneous
3. Absorbs energy

Answer 11

Endergonic Reaction

Question 12

Products end with more energy than reactants

Answer 12

Endergonic Reaction

Question 13

Energy has to leave the system (to be let out)

Answer 13

Exergonic Reaction

Question 14

1. Spontaneous
2. Releases Energy

Answer 14

Exergonic Reaction

Question 15

Biologival Catalyst
Speeds up chemical reactions
Reduces the activation energy

Answer 15

Function of Enzymes

Question 16

_______ are proteins

Answer 16

Enzymes

Question 17

Are not consumed by the reaction
Have no effect on the change in Gibbs Free Energy

Answer 17

Enzymes

Question 18

_________ binds to the active site of an enzyme

Answer 18

Substrate

Question 19

Compete for the bind of the active site

Answer 19

Competitive Inhibitors

Question 20

Example of a Competitive Inhibitor

Answer 20

Morphine as it replaces Endorphines

Question 21

Binds to an allosteric (not original) site causing the active site to change shape

Answer 21

Noncompetitive Inhibitors

Question 22

When a protein loses it’s shape and stops working properly. This could be caused by a change in Temperature, PH activity, or Certain Chemicals

Answer 22

Denaturation

Question 23

Location: Cytosol (Both Prokaryote and Eukaryote)
Starting Material: Glucose
Products: 2 Pyruvate, 2 NADH, 2 ATP
Breaking a 6 carbon structure to 2- 3 carbon structures

Answer 23

Glycolysis
(Breaking Sugar)

Question 24

Location: Mitochondrial Matrix
Starting Material: Acetyl CoA
Products: 2 CO2
3 NADH
1 FADH2
1 ATP
(Go through the cycle 2 times to break down 1 glucose molecule)

Answer 24

Krebs cycle

Question 25

Location: Mitochondrial Cristae
Starting Material:
NADH/FADH2 (Electrons)
Product: ATP
Two Parts: Electron Transport Chain & Chemiosmosis

Answer 25

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 26

Protons pumped into Inner Membrane space (Acidic)
Generate proton gradient (against)
Final electron acceptor: OXYGEN
(First Step)

Answer 26

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Question 27

ATP Synthase uses proton graident
Synthesizes ATP
(Second Step)

Answer 27

Chemiosmosis

Question 28

The process by which cells derive energy from glucose

Answer 28

Cellular Respiration

Question 29

Light Reactions

Answer 29

Photosynthesis

Question 30

Carbohydrates and other metabolites are oxidized and the resulting energy-transfer reactions support the synthesis, or making, of ATP

Answer 30

Cellular Respiration

Question 31

Two steps:
Light Reactions
Calvin Cycle

Answer 31

Photosynthesis

Question 32

Location: Thylakoid Membrane
Starting Material: Water (Electrons) and Photons (Light energy)
Products: ATP and NADPH
Oxygen is released

Answer 32

Light Reaction

Question 33

Photosynthesis 1 and Photosynethesis 2
Synthesis ATP and NADPH

Answer 33

Linear Electron Flow

Question 34

Photosynethesis 1 ONLY
Synthesis ATP ONLY

Answer 34

Cyclic Electron Flow

Question 35

Protons are pumped into the thylakoid space

Answer 35

Electron Transport Chain in Light Reactions

Question 36

Location: Stroma
Starting Material: 3 CO2, 9 ATP, and 6 NADPH
Products: G3P

Answer 36

Calvin Cycle

Question 37

Stroma is the _______ of the Chloroplast

Answer 37

Cytosol

Question 38

Loss of electrons

Answer 38

Oxidation

Question 39

Gain of electrons

Answer 39

Reduction