6.2 Mitochondrial DNA Part 2 Flashcards
What are the systems that are most often affected by Mitochondrial disorders?
brain and muscles (high energy systems)
What is MERFF?
myoclonic epilepsy and ragged-red fiber disease
What are the symptoms of MERFF?
lack of muscle coordination
dementia
epileptic seizures
What is the result of MERFF?
mitochondria proliferate uncontrollably ad have ragged red spots a long the edge of muscle fibers
What is heteroplasmy?
mixture of mutated and normal mitochondria
How are mitochondrial disorders passed?
only afflicted mothers can pass the disorder to offspring
What are two examples of mitochondrial disorders that do not manifest until later in life?
Lebers heredity optic neuropathy (LOHN)
Kearnes Sayre syndrome (KSS)
What are the symptoms of LHON?
sudden onset bilateral blindness around age 27
What causes KSS?
deletions in various places along mtDNA
What are the symptoms of KSS?
development of hearing and vision loss and heart conditions that worsen with age
What are some examples of disorders that have some degree of Mitochondrial dysfunction associated with them?
anemia
blindness
Type II diabetes
autism
infertility
neurodegenerative diseases
Are there cures for Mitochondrial disorders?
no
What is the most commonly used research primate?
rhesus monkey
What is the main way of preventing Mitochondrial disorders?
genetic testing to prevent mothers from passing to offspring
What is an enucleated egg?
egg with its nucleus removed
