3.2 Chromosomes Part 2

Question 1

What is the purpose of the smooth ER?

Answer 1

fatty acid and phospholipid synthesis

Question 2

What makes the difference between rough and smooth ER?

Answer 2

ribosomes on the rough ER

Question 3

What is the purpose of ribosomes on the rough ER?

Answer 3

sites that contain mRNA which converts DNA into protein

Question 4

What are centrioles?

Answer 4

critical for the process of mitotic and meiotic cell division

Question 5

Where are centrioles found?

Answer 5

centrosomes

Question 6

How do centrioles help with cell division?

Answer 6

spindle fibers within the centrioles help the process of moving chromosomes during cell division

Question 7

What is the centromere of a chromosome?

Answer 7

constricted region that gives the chromosome an X shape

Question 8

What are the two arms formed by the centromere of a chromosome?

Answer 8

p arm
q arm

Question 9

What is the p arm?

Answer 9

shorter arm

Question 10

What is the q arm?

Answer 10

longer arm

Question 11

What are somatic cells?

Answer 11

non-sex cells

Question 12

What are homologous chromosomes?

Answer 12

paired chromosomes

Question 13

What is the total number of chromosomes in a cell?

Answer 13

diploid number; 2n

Question 14

What is the diploid number in humans?

Answer 14

46

Question 15

What is the haploid number?

Answer 15

the set of chromosomes that represents the entire genome; n

Question 16

What is the haploid number in humans?

Answer 16

23

Question 17

What has a haploid number greater than humans?

Answer 17

cotton; 26

Question 18

What is a locus?

Answer 18

location of a gene along the chromosome

Question 19

What is biparental inheritance?

Answer 19

inheritance of two copies of each gene, one from each parent

Question 20

What is the exception to the homologous chromosome rule in humans?

Answer 20

sex-determining chromosomes