1.3 Recombinant DNA and Modern Genetics

Question 1

When were bacterial restriction enzymes discovered?

Answer 1

1970

Question 2

What are bacterial restriction enzymes?

Answer 2

cut and inactivate DNA of invasive viruses

Question 3

What can restriction enzymes be used for in the lab?

Answer 3

cut the DNA of any species at a unique and specific nucleotide sequence

Question 4

What is a vector?

Answer 4

carrier DNA

Question 5

What is rDNA?

Answer 5

Recombinant DNA

Question 6

What can rDNA be used for?

Answer 6

to isolate single genes for study

Question 7

What is the definition of biotechnology?

Answer 7

using genetics to make products

Question 8

What is an example of biotechnology?

Answer 8

food industry

Question 9

What is transgenic?

Answer 9

advantageous heritable traits have been introduced using rDNA technology

Question 10

What gene editing technology is widely used in the food industry?

Answer 10

CRISPR

Question 11

What is CRISPR used for in the agricultural community?

Answer 11

engineer probiotic cultures
improve yield crops
produce more prolific crops

Question 12

How has biotechnology been used in medicine (broadly)?

Answer 12

gene transfer has allowed transfer of human proteins into transgenic animals for mass production of medicine

Question 13

What was the first biologic product every produced from a transgenic animal?

Answer 13

A Tryn

Question 14

What can A Tryn be used for?

Answer 14

prevent blood clots in people who have a rare blood disorder that involves lack of sufficient antithrombin