5.5 Translation Part 2

Question 1

What do the two ends of tRNA encode for?

Answer 1

one ends encodes for the triplet and the other encodes for the amino acid

Question 2

What is the tertiary structure of RNA?

Answer 2

three-dimensional structure that includes twists and turns

Question 3

What must occur to tRNA prior to being used in the process of translation?

Answer 3

must be charged

Question 4

What is charging also known as?

Answer 4

aminoacylation

Question 5

What enzyme is responsible for tRNA charging?

Answer 5

aminoacyl tRNA synthetases

Question 6

What does it mean that aminoacyl tRNA synthetase is specific?

Answer 6

only recognizes one amino acid and one corresponding tRNA

Question 7

How does an amino acid undergo a conversion to its activated form for charging?

Answer 7

reacts with ATP to create an aminoacyladenylic acid

Question 8

What bond is required to combine the activated amino acid to the tRNA?

Answer 8

high-energy ester bond

Question 9

Where does the amino acid bind to the tRNA?

Answer 9

3’ end

Question 10

What is an aminoacyl tRNA?

Answer 10

tRNA binded to an activated amino acid

Question 11

How many codons are there that encode for amino acids?

Answer 11

61

Question 12

How many different aminoacyl tRNAs are there?

Answer 12

40

Question 13

What are the stop codons?

Answer 13

UGA
UAA
UAG

Question 14

What is the start codon?

Answer 14

AUG

Question 15

What amino acid does the start codon code for?

Answer 15

methionine