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Genetics > 5.2 DNA Replication Part 2 > Flashcards

5.2 DNA Replication Part 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the function of DNA poly I?

A

remove the primer and fill in gaps left behind

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2
Q

Where does DNA initiation occr in eukaroytic replication?

A

origin of replication

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3
Q

How are DNA strands polymerized in eukaryotic replication?

A

template/primer DNA strand

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4
Q

What are the main differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA replication?

A

eukaryotic is
1. more complex
2. condensed with proteins
3. linear rather than circular

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5
Q

How much slower does DNA polymerases synthesize eukaryotic DNA as compared to prokaryotic?

A

25 times slower

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6
Q

What is used to increase the efficiency of DNA replication in eukaryotes?

A

there are multiple origins of replication

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7
Q

How are the origins of replication visible?

A

as bubbles using an electron microscope

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8
Q

What is the origin recognition complex?

A

six protein complex that marks the site of origin of replication

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9
Q

When does the ORC do its job?

A

during G1 of the cell cycle

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10
Q

What is the prereplication complex?

A

recruitment of 20 others proteins to the ORC to signal DNA polymerase to start synthesis

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11
Q

What allows DNA replication to occur at multiple places at once but still remaining orderly and efficient?

A

keeping the prereplication complexes delineated

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12
Q

What is the function of kinases?

A

phosphorylate replication proteins to activate them

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13
Q

What is the function of helicases?

A

unwind double stranded DNA

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14
Q

Once the pre-RC is formed what else is recruited to the replication fork?

A

kinases and helicase

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15
Q

How many different DNA polymerases are in eukaryotes?

A

14

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16
Q

What are the main DNA polymerases involved in initiation and elongation of the DNA strand?

A

DNA a
DNA d
DNA e

17
Q

What is chromatin?

A

compact and condensed complex of DNA with DNA binding proteins

18
Q

How does chromatin appear under microscopes?

A

nucleosomes

19
Q

What is the basic structure of a nucleosome?

A

DNA wrapped around eight histone protein molecules

20
Q

What is needed in order to package up new DNA?

A

synthesis of new histone proteins is very tightly coupled and associated with DNA replication

Genetics (48 decks)

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