3.2 Chromosomes

Question 1

Where are genes organized?

Answer 1

chromosomes

Question 2

What is chromatin?

Answer 2

chromosomes that are in an unstructured, unfolded state diffused throughout the nucleus

Question 3

How are chromosomes normally existing in cells?

Answer 3

chromatin

Question 4

Can chromatin be visible with a microscope?

Answer 4

no

Question 5

When is the only time chromosomes are visible with a microscope?

Answer 5

mitosis and meiosis

Question 6

When were cells able to be visualized with enough detail?

Answer 6

1950s with the development of the transmission electron microscope

Question 7

What is the plasma membrane?

Answer 7

borders the cell and delimits it from the external environment

Question 8

Which cells contain a plasma membrane?

Answer 8

plants and animals

Question 9

Which cells contain a nucleus?

Answer 9

eukaryotic

Question 10

What are examples of eukaryotic cells?

Answer 10

plants and animals

Question 11

What are prokaryotic cells?

Answer 11

bacteria

Question 12

Do prokaryotic cells have a nucleus?

Answer 12

no; they lack membrane bound organelles

Question 13

What do prokaryotic cells have instead of a nucleus?

Answer 13

nucleoid

Question 14

Where is DNA located in a eukaryotic cells?

Answer 14

nucleus

Question 15

What is cytoplasm?

Answer 15

everything inside of the plasma membrane

Question 16

What is cytosol?

Answer 16

colloidal or jelly-like material in the cytoplasm

Question 17

What are organelles?

Answer 17

extranuclear parts of the cell

Question 18

Other than cytosol, what does the cytoplasm contain?

Answer 18

microfilaments and microtubules

Question 19

What is the purpose of microfilaments and microtubules?

Answer 19

act as a highway to allow trafficking throughout the cell
maintain cell shape
and anchor and protect various organelles

Question 20

Other than the nucleus, what is the other most important organelle in genetics?

Answer 20

endoplasmic reticulum