Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Genetics > 5.5 Translation > Flashcards

5.5 Translation Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is translation?

A

when mRNA is used to synethesize a polypeptide chain that will make a functional protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the site of translation?

A

ribosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does transcription take place and where does translation take place?

A

transcription - nucleus
translation - cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is tRNA?

A

transfer RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the two regions of tRNA?

A
  1. anticodon region that is complementary to the mRNA
  2. region that is covalently bound to the correct amino acid that matches the codon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two subunits of the ribosome?

A
  1. large
  2. small
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is each subunit of the ribosome composed of?

A

each is composed of rRNA and ribosomal proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a monosome?

A

each subunit of the ribosome composed of rRNA and ribosomal proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How are ribosomes measured?

A

characterized based on the rate of migration in a sucrose gradient known as the Svedberg coefficient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the Svedberg coefficient take into account?

A

density, mass, and shape of a ribosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the bacterial monosome and what is the eukaryotic monosome?

A

bacterial = 70s
eukaryotic = 80s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the bacterial 70s monosome composed of?

A

50s and 30s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the eukaryotic 80s composed of?

A

60s and 40s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How big are tRNAs?

A

small; 70-90 nucleotides long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is posttranscriptional modification?

A

enzymatic reaction occurs after the transcription of RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the purpose of posttranscriptional modifications done on tRNA?

A
  1. improve stability of tRNA
  2. make sure hydrogen bonding is more secure between the tRNA and the mRNA that it will bind with
17
Q

What does the primary structure of an RNA refer to?

A

its coding sequence only; what it would look like on a two dimensional page

18
Q

What is the secondary structure of an RNA refer to?

A

three-dimensional shape

19
Q

What is the secondary structure of tRNA

A

series of paired stems with unpaired loops to resemble a cloverleaf

20
Q

What is the only difference between specific tRNAs?

A

the anticodon that makes it complimentary to an amino acid

Genetics (68 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions