3.4 Cell Division Part 3 Flashcards
What holds sister chromatids together at the centromere?
cohesin
What occurs during metaphase?
centromeres of chromosomes line up at the equatorial plate/metaphase plate
Where does the metaphase plate lie?
completely perpendicular to the line formed by the spindle fibers
What is prometaphase?
the movement to the metaphase plate
How do spindle fibers connect to the centromeres of chromosomes?
kinetochore
How does the kinetochore associate with the centromere?
forming a protein complex on opposite sides of the centromere
Once the chromosomes are lined up at the metaphase plate, what occurs?
cohesin is degraded by separase everywhere EXCEPT at the centromere
What protects the centromere from cohesin degradation?
family of proteins known as shugoshin
What is the shortest phase of mitosis?
anaphase
What happens during anaphase?
sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite ends of the cell
What is disjunction?
when sister chromatids are separated
What are sister chromatids known as after anaphase?
daughter chromosome
What does the movement of daughter chromosomes to the respective poles rely on?
kinetochore-spindle fiber attachment
What are molecule motors?
motor proteins that help drive chromosomes along spindle fibers to their ends of the cell
How do motor proteins get their energy?
from ATP
