1.1 A Brief History of Genetics Flashcards
When were animals domesticated for human use?
8000-1000 BC
What is an example of early selective breeding?
dogs
Who proposed the idea of epigenesis and when?
William Harvey
1600s
What is epigenesis?
concept that is now known to have correctly hypothesized that a fertilized human egg undergoes specific development events that lead to the formation of a human
What theory did epigenesis directly contradict?
preformation
What is the idea of preformation?
a fertilized egg contained a tiny version of a completed developed adult
What is a homunculus?
completely developed adult
When was the cell theory introduced?
1830s
What is cell theory?
all living organisms were composed of organized structures call cells and that these cells are derived from identical precursor cells
Who introduced cell theory?
Matthias Schleiden
Theodor Schwann
What contradicted cell theory?
spontaneous generation
What is the idea of spontaneous generation?
living things could spontaneously generate from nonliving components
What is the idea of natural selection?
more offspring were produced than an environment could actually support; offspring that inherited the most desirable traits would survive
What did Gregor Mendel do?
pea plant experiment that modelled how traits were inherited from generation to generation
